NSB Kahoots Final Exam

A motor unit is

a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

The neurotransmitter ____ is produced and released by motor neurons to stimulate skeletal muscles.

actylcholine

Which receptor is likely to respond to an overload that threatens to tear muscles or ligaments?

Golgi tendon organ

Which receptor responds when you stretch your arm out to catch an object?

Muscle Spindle

Which statement about the primary motor cortex is false?

It occupies a large part of the upper medulla.

Glands that release their products within the body are called ____ glands.

endocrine

Compared to neurotransmitters, hormone effects are generally

more widespread in the body and affect distant target

The molecular structure of peptide hormones involves

short chain of amino acids

Cells located in the ___ synthesize oxytocin and vasopressin and transport these hormones to the ____.

hypothalamus; postier pituitary

The hormone ___ controls the milk letdown reflex and plays a role in formation of social bonds.

Oxytocin

Glucocorticoid receptors regulate the ongoing secretion of stress hormones via

negative feedback

Epinephrine is to the adrenal medulla as

cortisol is to the adrenal cortex

The experience of a stressful exam period initially produces an

increase in epinephrine

CRH is released from

the hypothalamus

___ describes an optimal set point for the body to return to

Homeostasis

The type of rhythmicity defined by the regular, predictable onset of a particular behavior more than once a day is:

ultradian

The external cue that animals use to discern the time of day is called a

zeitgeber

Destruction of the SCN ___ circadian rhythms of hormone secretion

abolishes

When deprived of time cues, people tend to show activity cycles that are

a little more than 24 hours long

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is especially prominent during the ___ of a night’s sleep

initial half

___are a family of factors that support cell growth.

Neurotrophic factors

VEGF promotes the growth of what type of cell/structure

Vasculature/angiogenesis

The fact that rats will press a lever for access to a running wheel suggests that wheel running is:

appetitive

BrdU allows researchers to visualize

dividing cells

___is voluntary physical activity undertaken for the purposes of health and fitness.

Exercise