Studied by 24 peopleprotection of internal organs
What is the axial skeleton's main function?
movement
What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?
206
In total, how many bones are there in the human body?
pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic girdle, lower limb
The appendicular skeleton consists of four components:
shoulder
The pectoral girdle is also known as the:
clavicle, scapula
The pectoral girdle is made up of two components:
humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
The upper limb is made up of six components:
coxal bones, innominate bones
The pelvic girdle is made up of two components:
femur, patella, fibula, tibia, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
The lower limb is made up of seven components:
attaches upper limb to axial skeleton
What does the pectoral girdle/shoulder do?
S
What shape is the clavicle?
manubrium, acromion of scapula
What does the clavicle articulate with?
yes
Is the clavicle frequently fractured?
triangular, flat
What shape is the scapula? What type of bone is it?
spines, projections, fossae
What three things is the scapula composed of?
attachment points for muscles and ligaments of the shoulder
What do the components of the scapula (spines, projections, fossae) serve as?
30
How many bones does the upper limb consist of?
humerus, ulna, radius, 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges
What are the bones of the upper limb?
forearm
What are the ulna and radius also known as?
wrist
What are the carpals also known as?
palm
What are the metacarpals also known as?
fingers
What are the phalanges also known as?
proximal end
What end of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula?
glenoid cavity of scapula
What does the proximal end of the humerus articulate with?
distal end
What end of the humerus articulates with radius and ulna?
radius and ulna
What does the distal end of the humerus articulate with?
medial side of forearm
The ulna is located on what side of the forearm?
lateral side of forearm
The radius is located on what side of the forearm?
humerus, distal
What do the radius and ulna both articulate with? On what end of the bone?
pronation
What is 1 pointing to?
supination
What is 2 pointing to?
8 small bones joined to each other by ligaments lined up in two rows
What are the carpals?
their shapes
What are the names of the carpals based on?
form palm and fingers
Metacarpals and phalanges:
2 hip (coxal) bones
What does the pelvic (hip) girdle consist of?
pubic symphysis
What do the 2 hip (coxal) bones of the pelvic girdle join anteriorly at?
sacrum
What do the 2 hip (coxal) bones of the pelvic girdle join posteriorly at?
bony pelvis
What is the complete ring of the pelvic girdle called?
a bony ring, 2 innominate bones, sacrum, and coccyx
What is the pelvis and what is it formed by?
fuse
Each innominate bone does what early in life?
3
How many innominate bones are there?
ilium, ischium, pubis
What are the bones that compose the innominate bone?
ligaments
What is the sacrum joined to the ilium with in the sacroiliac joint?
femur articulates with innominate
What bone articulates with what bone at the hip joint?
deep acetabulum
What does the head of the femur fit into in the hip joint?
a fibrocartilage lip, labrum
What does the deep acetabulum have? What is it called?
capsule
What encloses the hip joint?
ligaments and bones
What makes the hip joint one of the strongest articulations?
ball and socket
What type of joint is the hip joint?
30
How many bones is the lower limb composed of?
femur, patella, tibia, fibula, 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges
What are the bones of the lower limb?
femur
What is the longest, strongest bone in the body?
acetabulum, tibia, patella
The femur articulates with which bones?
sesamoid
What type of bones is the patella?
increase leverage of thigh musculature, protect knee joint
What does the patella do?
quadriceps femoris
What is thigh musculature also known as?
bursae, synovial fluid
What does the knee joint have? What are these filled with?
decrease friction
What does the synovial fluid in the bursae do?
between patella and skin
The prepatellar bursa is located:
between superior end of tibia and patellar ligament
The infrapatellar bursa is located:
between inferior part of femur, quadriceps, and myo
The suprapatellar bursa is located:
femur, fibula
The tibia articulates with which bones on the proximal end?
fibula, talus
The tibia articulates with which bones on the distal end?
lateral side
The fibula is located on which side of the leg?
lateral malleolus
The distal end of the fibula forms the:
ankle joint and part of foot
What do the tarsals form?
metatarsals, phalanges
What makes up the forefoot?
Note
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