College History exam #6

1960 election

Nixon vs JFK- JFK won cause of the TV debates + younger + wife and kids, Nixon had better resume- HUAC

60’s TV debates

JFK looked better on TV so people who watched it thought he won but those who listened thought Nixon won, first pres debates

JFK inaugural address

JFK- talked nuclear war, New frontier, new generation, “ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country”

Peace Core

College grad to a third world country to go help, increase US in a positive way

New frontiers Men

JFK young cabinet members, sec of defense McNamara

Flexible response to the cold war

nuclear and conventional- cost more money but people wanted it - JFK

Failed Summit, Vienna

1961- Khrushchev and JFK didn’t go well- JFK- we can’t let Berlin fall “i’m a Berliner”

Moon landing

extension of cold war, JFK said we will be on the moon before end of decade, after JFK died- Apollo 11- Neil Armstrong ‘69

Bay of Pigs

CIA trains those who left Cuba to attack and overthrow Castro- complete failure- JFK publicly says it was our fault- tension between JFK and CIA

Cuban Missile Crisis

Soviets had missile launch sites in Cuba, JFK and Khrushchev pressured to go to war, US navy puts blockade, both talk it out and remove the missiles and we take some out of Turkey

Vietnam JFK

keeps sending advisors to SV, protests in SV against Diem- monks on fire, assassination plan- we did nothing- he gets killed

no sense in raising hell and not being successful

JFK quote about civil rights and not doing anything unless he had to

University of Mississippi

James Meredith tried to integrate- JFK sent in military

University of Alabama

George Wallace tried to stop blacks from applying, JFK sent in federal troops to stop it

George Wallace

governor of Alabama “segregation today segregation tomorrow segregation forever

Birmingham Police

Police chief Bull Connor had his officers release German Shepards onto African Americans- TV and media made it so no one could ignore this problem

why was JFK in Dallas Texas?

for re-election as his VP LBJ was from their

November 22, 1963

Lee Harvey Oswald shot JFK in Dallas Texas

Warren report

said the Oswald acted alone in the killing of JFK, only one year after, magic bullet

what happened after Oswald was in jail

Jack Ruby shoots him before he can testify

why do people like JFK so much

his legacy of what he could have been even though he didn’t do much in his first term

I have a dream

quotes said by MLK in Washington Dc in 1963

Selam to Montgomery

65, protest for african american voting restrictions, media coverage, non violent, police brutality

LBJ stood for

war on poverty, great society, greatest civil rights president, civil rights act

Johnson treatment

LBJ would use his size to intimidate congressmen

“Let us continue”

LBJ quote said after JFK’s death

war on poverty

LBJ announced a war on poverty

1964 election

LBJ win over Goldwater

1964 civil rights act

LBJ ban segregation and discrimination

1965 Voting rights act

allowed for african americans to vote

Great society

LBJ- voting act, civil rights act, medicare and medicaid, education act

Malcom X

nation of Islam, demanding about their rights, northern, killed in 65

Muhammad Ali

boxer, anti war demonstrator, member of nation or Islam

Black Panthers

blakc power, riot in northern cities (oakland), fight if provoked

Generation gap

baby boomers did not follow the governments rules/ blindly follow them like their parents did

Berkley 1963

students had free speech movement to stop having restrictions on the school newspaper, electives and speakers

feminine mystique

betty frieden- claimed stay at home women had “the home was a comfortable concentration camp”

Ceasar Chavez

Mexican American organizes the national farm workers association in 65, wants benefits for workers under large corporate farms

chicanos

people of Mexican descent who identify as being or living in the US

news and media in Vietnam

it is the first time americans see the war- napalm

Gulf of Tonkin

august 2nd 64, NV torpedoed the USS Maddox and USS turner joy fires back with gunboats

Gulf of Tonkin resolution

blank check from congress to LBJ so he can do whatever he wants in Vietnam, LBJ didn’t want to appear weak

operation rolling thunder

65, US troops arrive, Sec of defense MacNamara warns of high deaths

Vietnam escalation

troops are going up but JLB says we are getting out of the war

“i left that women I really loved for that bitch of a war”

LBJ- left the great society for the Vietnam war

general westmoreland

‘we can see light at the end of the tunnel’- still sending troops so no, general of the Vietnam war, doubt leaders

1967 Anti War demonstrations

100,000 protesters besiege the Pentagon, someone burned themselves outside of McNamara window

Muhammad Ali

Cassius Clay- gold medal in boxing- nation of islam- got drafted older than the normal, looked suspicious, wont go, later supreme courts said he was fine

tet offensive

turning point, vietcong attack dozen cities in Sv at the same time, made us look bad from the media but it wasn’t a bad loss, made people nto trust the generals, jan

Walter Cronkite

went to Vietnam to investigate, CBS newsman, “the best we could get is a stalemate” after people wondered if we should get out, fed 27, 68

Mylai Massacre

US soldiers shoot up a village of 200-500 civilians, normal in war but the media got it and people were mad, William calley- platoon leader, charlie company

1968 election LBJ

“not seek nor accept” not running again, had no chance

1968 election RFK

had a good chance to win the dem nomination, won cali primary, shot

within a short time US lost

JFK, MLK, Malcom X, RFK

MLK Shot

memphis, shot in hotel room, james earl ray

1968 mexico city olympics

john carlos/ tommy smith- black power salute during national anthem- got metals taken away

democratic convention

Chi, anti war protests vs police, during convention people were yelling, Humphrey wins- problem with LBJ can’t talk bad about him to not lose texas

richard delay

in charge of chi police, during dem convention people yelling at him, he yells back

election 68

humphrey, nixon, wallace- third party (law and order)- nixon wins

counter culture in the 70’s

small group of people, hippies, free love, drugs, san fran, generation gap

Flim and music in the 70’s

beatles, music politically charged, horror, rebellion in movies, political jokes

sunbelt

presidents born in the south, LBJ-Texas, Nixon- cali, Carter- georgia, Reagon- Cali, Bush-texas, Cilton Ark, Bush-texas

stagflation

inflation rises (oil prices) + high unemployment - OPEC jacks up our oil prices

Nixon domestic policy

R New federalism- give money to states to spend how they want- force supreme court to make tough decisions

Drug problem

Herion #1 drug problem, nixon ‘Marihuana public enemy number one’

title IX

nixon signs it into law, every women has the right to play sports at the same level, equal scholarships

pollution

smokey the bear, woodsy the owl, before people just threw stuff out of the windows, EPA, Clean air act

Clean Air Act 1970

EPA (environment protection agency) set limits on air pollutants, unleaded gas, Nixon

Price freeze

Nixon attempt to stop stagflation with a price freeze, didn’t work

why did we have bad econ in the 70’s

inflation by vietnam, federal spending cuts, oil prices rise (main reason)

Detente

foreign policy under nixon (kissinger) get along with china and soviets

SALT

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, treaty with soviets reduce tensions, nixon meet brezhnev in moscow

Nixon visits china

1972 finally recognize china as a government

Americanization

Vietnamization- turn the war over to SV, after we bomb cambodia which is not the plan- pissed people off

kent state

national gaurd kills 4 students protesting the bombing on Cambodia, ohio, nixon calls protestors bums

73 paris peace agreement

cease fire with NV, NV return US POW (didn’t happen) Sv in charge now, Kissinger signed agreement, SV falls within two years

SNL

made a political difference in elections + with ford

Nixon problems that caused watergate

paranoid, feared eastern elite, obsessed with re-election, detente, won space race, scared of not winning re election even thought he didn’t have to worry

Pentagon Papers 1971

defense analyst Ellsberg leaked secret documents that the NYT got from the pentagon which said we stayed in Vietnam to keep our good record, nixon tried to get the supreme court to stop them but it didn’t work

after the pentagon papers nixon

was even more scared his rating would go down because of it, people might not trust his word now

CREEP

Committee to re-elect the President, do whatever they want to get him re-elected, slush fund- money to get people to do what they want, stole dem plans from watergate

ellsberg break in with creep

broke into his psych office, stole info about ellsberg mental health, used to black mail him, pres using power for personal reasons

watergate break in

plumbers go to watergate hotel, dem nation convention, went into office that had campaign plans, got caught, tried and convicted,

Washington Post

woodward and bernstein investigations watergate and found it was connected to pres and slush fund

nixon crimes during watergate

spying and knowing about it, covering it up, perjury technically

getting oval office tapes

john dean- white house aid reveals that every convo are taped, nixon claimed ‘executive privilege’ to with hold them, goes to supreme court, must give them up, when he does they are edited

ford takes over

ford appointed as vp, took over, pres office respect goes way down, pardons nixon, risk for re-election

T or F nixon got impeached

false- he resigned before he probably would have been

“my fellow americans, our long national nightmare is over”

said by ford after he pardons nixon, right move so everyone moves on

election of 1976

Carter vs Ford - carter runs under the fact he is an outsider and not a part of corrupt gov, walter mondale VP for Carter- he wins ford challenged by Reagan for nomination- TV debates carter wins boring debate

“Sold Out”

gas stations were sold out because fuel prices went up as OPEC stopped giving us as much oil

during the gas crisis dem believed - would solve it and reps believed - would solve it

conserve gas and oil, more in country production

rust belt

industrial areas became more outdated and people move to sunbelt states

peoples temple

Jim jones cult convinced everyone to do a mass suicide

meltdown at three mile island

nuclear power one reactor melted down, must deal with the waste

serial killers

serial killers increased in 70’s

ted bundy- killed 20 college age girls

bruce jenner

76 olympics won decathlon

evil kinevil

jumps motorcycles, always crashed

D.B. Cooper

guy highjacked and stole money then jumped out of a plane- no idea if he survived