Cities Outcomes Advanced Unit 1 | Quizlet

spring up

to appear or develop quickly and suddenly, often in large numbers (neutral)

In the last few years, small tech companies have been ~ all over the city.

New cafés are ~ in the neighbourhood as more tourists visit the area.

a real buzz about the place

a strong feeling of excitement and activity in a place (informal)

When the new shopping centre opened, there was ~; people were talking, music was playing, and every café was full.

There's always ~ on campus at the beginning of the academic year.

mugging

a violent robbery in which someone attacks a person in the street and steals from them (neutral)

The city has introduced more street lighting to reduce the risk of ~.

He was the victim of a ~ while walking home late at night.

run smoothly

to operate without problems or difficulties (neutral)

The conference was very well organized, and everything ~ from start to finish.

If the software is updated regularly, the system should ~.

choke on

to be unable to breathe for a moment because something blocks your throat or airway (neutral)

She started to ~ a fishbone and had to drink some water quickly.

The workers complained that they were ~ exhaust fumes in the poorly ventilated factory.

might as well

used to say that you should do something because there is no good reason not to or nothing better to do (neutral)

We've already missed the last bus, so we ~ walk home.

Since you're going to the shop anyway, you ~ buy some milk.

conspicuous consumption

spending a lot of money on expensive things in order to show your wealth or social status (formal / sociology)

Driving luxury cars and wearing designer clothes can be a form of ~.

Some economists argue that social media encourages ~.

inconspicuous

not noticeable or attracting attention (neutral / formal)

He tried to remain ~ in the corner of the room.

The security camera was placed in an ~ position above the door.

show off your wealth

to display expensive possessions in order to impress others (neutral / slightly negative)

Some celebrities enjoy ~ing ~their ~ by posting photos of luxury holidays online.

He bought a sports car mainly to ~ his ~.

drop litter

to throw rubbish on the ground instead of putting it in a bin (neutral)

The city has introduced heavy fines for people who ~ in public places.

Visitors are asked not to ~ in the national park.

condemn

if authorities _______ a building, they officially declare it unsafe to live in or use (formal)

The old apartment block was ~ after engineers found serious structural damage.

After the earthquake, several houses had to be ~.

affluent

having a lot of money and a high standard of living (formal)

an ~ suburb/neighbourhood/area

an ~ lifestyle

an ~ family

The area has become an ~ suburb with expensive houses and private schools.

Many ~ families moved to the city centre in recent years.

deprived

very poor and lacking basic resources or opportunities (formal)

an ~ suburb/neighbourhood/area

an ~ lifestyle

an ~ family

The government plans to invest more money in ~ communities.

Children growing up in ~ areas often have fewer educational opportunities.

crawl

when cars, buses, and lorries are ______ing, they are moving very slowly because there is a lot of traffic. When people ______, they move slowly along the ground on their hands and knees

- the traffic is terrible and the cars just ~ along most of the time

- we spent over an hour in the taxi ~ing along - we should have walked

babies learn to ~ at about six months old

- we had to ~ through the entrance to the tent

fumes

gases and smoke from fires, burning chemicals, car engines, etc., that are unhealthy and unpleasant to breathe, and that can make people ill

- toxic/poisonous ~

- petrol/diesel/exhaust/traffic ~

- the smog is so bad you need a mask, otherwise you'd choke on the ~

- chemicals which give off nasty ~

- a petrol engine producing poisonous ~

- a cloud of toxic ~