PlantCell Organelle and Function, All Cell Organelles and Functions mine

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36 Terms

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cell membrane

determines what goes in/out of cell

<p>determines what goes in/out of cell</p>
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nuclear membrane

decides what goes into and out the nucleus

<p>decides what goes into and out the nucleus</p>
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nucleus

directs cell activities

<p>directs cell activities</p>
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ribosome

makes proteins

<p>makes proteins</p>
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cell wall

supports and protects the plant cell

<p>supports and protects the plant cell</p>
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chloroplast

photosynthesis uses sunlight to make sugar

<p>photosynthesis uses sunlight to make sugar</p>
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vacuole

help plants maintain shape storage, digestion, and waste removal

<p>help plants maintain shape storage, digestion, and waste removal</p>
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lysosome

disposal of the cell

<p>disposal of the cell</p>
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum

transports proteins and breaks down drugs in the cell; does not contain ribosome

<p>transports proteins and breaks down drugs in the cell; does not contain ribosome</p>
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rough endoplasmic reticulum

covered in ribosomes which make the proteins that are transported

<p>covered in ribosomes which make the proteins that are transported</p>
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mitochondria

"powerhouse" of cell; produces energy from sugar

<p>"powerhouse" of cell; produces energy from sugar</p>
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Golgi body

processes and packages proteins and lipids; moves materials within the cell and out of the cell in small sac

<p>processes and packages proteins and lipids; moves materials within the cell and out of the cell in small sac</p>
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cytoskeleton

Network of protein fibers, is the structural framework for cell shape

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centrosome

Made from two centrioles. Organises microtubles and provides cell structure

<p>Made from two centrioles. Organises microtubles and provides cell structure</p>
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nucleus

regulates all cell activity, composed of DNA

<p>regulates all cell activity, composed of DNA</p>
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cell/plasma membrane

composed of phospholipid bilayer. Protects the cell from its surroundings

<p>composed of phospholipid bilayer. Protects the cell from its surroundings</p>
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nucleolus

made up of proteins and RNA. Rewrites RNA and combines it with proteins

<p>made up of proteins and RNA. Rewrites RNA and combines it with proteins</p>
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chromosomes

Thread-like structures made up of DNA. Provides organism with genetic information.

<p>Thread-like structures made up of DNA. Provides organism with genetic information.</p>
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golgi apparatus

Stacks of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae. modify's and sorts proteins for secretion

<p>Stacks of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae. modify's and sorts proteins for secretion</p>
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lysosomes

Membrane sac of enzymes. Digests excess or worn-out organelles.

<p>Membrane sac of enzymes. Digests excess or worn-out organelles.</p>
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smooth ER

ER which has no ribosomes on it. Regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins

<p>ER which has no ribosomes on it. Regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins</p>
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ribosomes

Two subunits made of RNA and proteins. Make proteins

<p>Two subunits made of RNA and proteins. Make proteins</p>
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cilia

Organelles that extend from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells. They move a cell or group of cells or to help transport fluid or materials past them

<p>Organelles that extend from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells. They move a cell or group of cells or to help transport fluid or materials past them</p>
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flagella

whip, tail like appenage that propels the cell along

<p>whip, tail like appenage that propels the cell along</p>
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chromatin

efficiently package DNA into a small volume

<p>efficiently package DNA into a small volume</p>
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centriole

Small set of microtubules arranged in a certain way. Help in the formation of the spindle fibers.

<p>Small set of microtubules arranged in a certain way. Help in the formation of the spindle fibers.</p>
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cytoplasm

The material in the cell. Holds the internal components of cells in place.

<p>The material in the cell. Holds the internal components of cells in place.</p>
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mitochondria

Bound by a double membrane. Produces ATP through respiration

<p>Bound by a double membrane. Produces ATP through respiration</p>
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cell wall

composed of cellulose. A filtering mechanism and pressure vessel to prevent over-expansion.

<p>composed of cellulose. A filtering mechanism and pressure vessel to prevent over-expansion.</p>
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central vacuole

Large membrane-bound vesicle. involved with storage, cell growth, digesgtion, waste disposal.

<p>Large membrane-bound vesicle. involved with storage, cell growth, digesgtion, waste disposal.</p>
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rough ER

Ribosome covered ER. responsible for the assembly of proteins, translation.

<p>Ribosome covered ER. responsible for the assembly of proteins, translation.</p>
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chloroplast

two membranes around a fluid stroma which contain thylakoid stacked into grana. involved in photosynthesis

<p>two membranes around a fluid stroma which contain thylakoid stacked into grana. involved in photosynthesis</p>
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(transport) vesicle

fluid enclosed by lipid bilayer. moves molecules between locations inside the cell

<p>fluid enclosed by lipid bilayer. moves molecules between locations inside the cell</p>
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fimbrae

finger-like projections that allow bacteria to stick to the environment

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pili

appendages that allow bacteria to attach to each other and to transfer DNA

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cytoplasm

supports and protects cell's organelles

<p>supports and protects cell's organelles</p>