Cell transport vocablary

passive transport

Cellular transport that does not require energy(ATP), moves with/down concentration gradient

transport peotien/protien channel

Protein embedded in phospholipid bilayer to aid in cellular transport

active transport

Cellular transport that requires energy (ATP), moves agains the concentration gradient

primary active transport

Directly uses ATP

secondary active transport

indirectly uses ATP, Usually utilizes membrane potential created by primary active transport

simple diffusion

molecules move directly through phospholipid bilayer from high to low concentration small and nonpolar molecules are able

facilitated diffusion

molecules move through protein channels (sometimes called ion channels) to move through the membrane from high to low concentration. Used for larger of charged molecules.

osmosis

Diffusion of water through the membrane from low to high concentration of solute. moves through specialized protein channels called aquaporins.

hypertonic

Solute concentration is greater outside the cell, water rushes out, cell shrivels

hypronic

solute concentration is greater inside the cell, water rushes in, cell can burst

isotonic

Solute concentration is the same inside and outside of the cell, water moves at the same rate in and outside of the cell.

molecular active transport

Active transport for small ammounts of molecules from low to high concentration.

bulk active transport

Active transport of large amounts of molecules or very large molecules across the membrane

endocytosis

bulk active transport moving into the cell

pinocytosis

engulfing liquid environment "cell drinking"

phagocytosis

engulfing large solid contents from the environment "cell eating"

receptor mediated endocytosis

Engulfing target substances/ signaling molecules/ ligands that have bound to receptors on the outer surface of the cell membrane.

exocytosis

Bulk active transport moving out of the cell