Module 6: Capitol of Antiquity, Part 1- Athens & Persepolis

Miletus, Anatolia

Turkey, 480 BCE

Priene, Anatolia

Turkey, 350 BCE

First Temple of Hera

Paestum, Italy, 550 BCE

Parthenon, Athens

Greece, 450-430 BCE

Palace at Persepolis

Iran, 515 BCE

Acropolis

The citadel of a Greek city, location of temples and shrines; high city

Agora

Open meeting space used as a market place or general meeting place

Capital

The head or crowning feature of a column

Drum

A vertical wall supporting a dome

Intercolumniation

The distance between the centers of the bases of the adjacent columns

Entasis

The very slight convex curve used on Greek columns to correct the optical illusion of concavity

Fluting

Shallow, concave grooves running vertically on the shaft of a column

Entablature

The upper part of an order, consisting of architrave, frieze, and cornice

Architrave

The lowest horizontal beam of the entablature, resting directly on top of the columns

Frieze

The middle division of an entablature between the architrave and cornice

Propylaea

Acropolis of athens, classical greek doric building complex, Acropolis of athens

Palace at Perespolis

Iran,515 BCE

Hippodamus of Miletus, 498-408 BCE

Greek architect and theorist; "father of city planning"; formalizing the grid plan as a rational expression of civic order and governance int he classical polis

What is the origin of the Greek acropolis?

Miletus, Anatolia

What are the components of a typical Greek city?

Acropolis; residential districts, cultural areas, port; City walls, Agora

Identify the characteristics of a Doric column

Flutes, Abacus, Echinus, Entasis

What do the sculptural reliefs in the metopes of the Parthenon Depict?

Mythical battle scenes

Why did the architects of the Parthenon include optical refinements such as a stylobate curvature and column swelling?

To create the illusion of perfect straight lines from a downward, human point of view

Describe the royal audience hall at the Palace of Persepolis

Hypostyle hall, monumental stairways, 24 meter columns