Present Subjunctive: Formations

A verb form used to express uncertainty, wishes, or hypothetical situations.

Present Subjunctive

Steps to Conjugate

1. Start with the YO form in the PRESENT tense, 2. Drop the O, 3. Switch to the OPPOSITE ENDING (AR → E, ER/IR → A).

bailar (to dance)

baile, bailes, baile, bailemos, bailéis, bailen

tener (to have)

tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengáis, tengan

if an -ar or -er verb has an E-IE or O-UE stem change, only in the ____ in the present subjunctive.

boot

Pensar ( to think)

piense, pienses, piense, pensemos, penséis, piensen

Poder (to be able)

pueda, puedas, pueda, podamos, podáis, puedan

Mentir (to lie)

mienta, mientas, mienta, mintamos, mintáis, mientan

morir (to die)

muera, mueras, muera, muramos, muráis, mueran

If a verb ends in -CAR , -GAR, or -ZAR, it will have a _____ _____ to maintain the original consonant sounds

spelling change

sacar (to get)

saque, saques, saque, saquemos, saquéis, saquen

pagar (to pay)

pague, pagues, pague, paguemos, paguéis, paguen

cruzar (to cross)

cruce, cruces, cruce, crucemos, crucéis, crucen

Verbs whose present tense yo form does not end in the letter O, resulting in irregular present subjunctive forms.

Irregular Verbs

What are the six irregular verbs in the present tense yo form that do not end in 'O', thus they are also irregular in the present subjunctive?

SABER, SER, HABER, DAR, ESTAR, IR

dar (to give)

dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den

estar (to be)

esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén

ir (to go)

vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan

saber (to know)

sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

ser (to be)

sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean

haber

haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan