Unit 1 DMS 101

Anterior/ventral

Towards the front

Posterior/Dorsal

Towards the back

Superior

Towards the head

Inferior

Towards the feet

Medial

Towards the middle

Lateral

Towards the outside

Ipsilateral

Same side

Contralateral

Opposite side

Proximal

Closest to

Distal

Further away

Superficial

Closer to the surface

Deep

Not closest to the surface

Sagittal plane

Right and left

Coronal plane

Front and back

Transverse plane

Top and bottom

Prone position

On stomach, upside down

Supine position

On back, flat

Fowler’s position

Sitting up

Right lateral recumbent

On right side

Left lateral recumbent

On left side

Trendelenberg position

Head down tilted position

Homogenous

Uniform

Heterogenous

irregular

Complex

Mixed echoes

Hyperechoic

Brighter compared to surrounding structures

Hypoechoic

Not as bright compared to surrounding structures

Isoechoic

Echo patterns are the same

Anechoic

Echo-free appearance on image

Upper left of abdomen

right hypochondrium

Upper middle of abdomen

Epigastrium

Upper right of abdomen

Left hypochondrium

Middle of abdomen

Umbilical

Bottom middle of abdomen

Hypogastrium

Middle left of abdomen

Right lumbar region

Middle right of abdomen

Left lumbar region

Bottom left of abdomen

Right iliac fossa

Bottom right of abdomen

Left iliac fossa

what is echotexture?

describes the visual pattern and texture and organs on an ultrasound

what is echogenicity?

the tissues ability to to reflect ultrasound waves, determining its brightness on an ultrasound image

infiltrating

metastatic disease

loculated or septated

well defined borders with internal septa

thin septa

more likely benign

thick septa

more likely malignant

what is shadowing?

failure of sound beam to pass through an object

through transmission

the amount of sound beam passing through a structure

higher frequencies have

greater resolution, less penetration

lower frequencies have

lower resolution, greater penetration

higher frequencies are used for

thinner individuals

lower frequencies are used for

thicker individuals