gender and achievment key names

Mirza

• High attainment of Indian pupils suggest EAL is not an issue to achievement

• Colour blind teachers, liberal chauvinists (held low expectations of black students) and overt racists

Pryce

• Asians are more resistant to racism and have higher self worth. Black Caribbean culture is less resistant and culturally devastating impact of slavery

Moynihan

• many black families are headed by lone mothers

• Lack adequate care due to financial struggle

• Males lack a role model of male achievement

Sewell

• absence of fatherly nurturing tough love

• Fatherless black boys turn to street gangs

• Anti school black masculinity and anti school peer pressure

• Black boys response to stereotyping: the rebels (black macho lad, the minority) the conformists (majority), retreatists and the innovators

• External factors are more important

Keddie

• cultural deprivation is victim blaming

• Culturally different, not deprived

• Schools are ethnocentric

Archer

• pupil identities

• ideal pupil - middle class masculinised normal sexuality

• Pathologised - Asian feminised overachiever hard work over natural ability

• Demonised - black/white working class hypersexualised underachiever

Ball

Criticised the national curriculum for promoting little Englandism