(NOT FINISHED) FUNDAMENTAL & DERIVED POSITIONS

WHAT ARE THE 5 BASIC FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS?

STANDING

SITTING

KNEELING

LYING

HANGING

ALL OTHER POSITIONS THAT ARE USED ARE MODIFIED FROM THE BASIC POSITIONS

DERIVED POSITIONS

WHAT ARE THE REASONS FOR FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS?

UTILIZE SUPPORT ESSENTIAL FOR RELAXATION

TRAIN BALANCE

ACHIEVE ADEQUATE FIXATION

MODIFY AN EXERCISE

MAINTAIN POSTURE

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE FOR THESE MODIFICATIONS?

INCREASE STABILITY IN BASE OF SUPPORT

RAISE OR LOWER THE COG

ENSURE MAXIMUM RELAXATION

PROVIDE CONTROL FOR A PART OF THE BODY

INCREASE OR DECREASE MUSCLE WORK

AVOID MUSCLE SHORTENING

AVOID STIFFNESS AND ADHESIONS

AVOID RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY COMPLICATIONS

INCREASE OR DECREASE THE LEVERAGE

WHAT ARE SOME COMMON PRESSURE POINTS?

SUPINE

SIDE LYING

• IT IS THE EASIEST OF THE WHOLE FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS

• MOST STABLE

• PATIENT LIES ON HIS BACK FULLY SUPPORTED EITHER ON A PLINTH OR ON THE FLOOR AND THE BODY IS ERECT

SUPINE LYING

WHAT ARE SOME EFFECTS AND USES IN SUPINE LYING?

TRUNK RELAXED BY OWN WEIGHT

ALIGNMENT SAME AS STANDING POSITION

SPIN IN HORIZONTAL POSITION

BREATHING IMPEDED

HINDERS BLOOD RETURN FROM THE HEAD

• THE BODY IS FACED DOWN RESTED ON THE FOREHEAD WITH CHIN TUCKED IN

• THE HEAD CAN BE TURNED ONE SIDE FOR EASE RESPIRATION

PRONE LYING

• THE BODY IS LYING ON THE SIDE WITH ARMS BY THE SIDE AND THE LEG STRAIGHT

SIDE LYING

• SUPINE LYING WITH HIPS AND KNEE FLEXED

• FEET RESTED ON THE TABLE

CROOK LYING

• COMFORTABLE, NATURAL, AND VERY STABLE POSITION

• BOS IS THE AREA BETWEEN LEGS OF THE SEAT AND THE FEET

• BODY RESTING ON A CHAIR

SITTING

WHAT ARE SOME EFFECTS AND USES IN SITTING POTION?

COMFORTABLE AND VERY STABLE

HAS CONTROL MORE DIFFICULT POSITIONS

SUITABLE FOR NON WEIGHT BEARINGEXERCISES

• BACK IS STRAIGHT AND THE KNEE IS EXTENDED

LONG SITTING

• TRUNK IS INCLINED FORWARDS IN SITTING POSITION

FORWARD LEANING SITTING

• “POSTION OF ATTENTION”

• MOST DIFFICULT POSITION TO MAINTAIN

• REQUIRES WHOLE BODY TO BE BALANCED AND STABILIZED IN CORRECT ALIGNMENT

STANDING

WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND USES OF STANDING POSITION?

SUITABILITY

HAS MINIMAL PERFECT BALANCE

• COMMONLY USED POSTION IN PT

• FEET POSITIONED SIDEWATS APART

• SIMILAR TO STANDING POSITIONS

STRIDE STANDING

• SIMILAR TO STANDING POSITION

• FEET POSITIONED FORWARD PACE

WALKING STANDING

• BODY SUPPORTED UPRIGHT ON KNEES AT RIGHT ANGLES

• UNSTABLE AND DIFFICULT TO MAINTAIN

• CENTER OF GRAVITY IS HIGH

KNEELING

WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND USES OF KNEELING POSITION?

TENDENCY TO HOLLOW THE BACK

SLIGHTLY MORE STABLE

COG IS LOWER THAN STANDING POSITION

• POSITION IS STABLE

• FROM KNEELING POSITION, SITS BACK ON THE HEELS

HEEL SITTING

• BODY SUSPENDED BY GRASPING A HORIZONTAL BAR

• BODY IS LIFTED BETWEEN THE ARMS WITHOUT BENDING OF THE ELBOW

HANGING

• HANDS ON WAIST IN STANDING

WING STANDING

• HANDS ON THE LOWER LATERAL ASPECT OF THE LEG AT THE HIP JOINT

LOW WING STANDING

• FLEXED ELBOW IN STANDING

BEND STANDING

• ARMS ARE HELD PARALLEL IN STANDING POSITION

• SHOULDER IS FLEXED

REACH STANDING POSITION

• ARMS ARE STRAIGHT AND ELEVVATED SIDEWAYS TO HORIZONTAL POSITION

YARD STANDING

• ARMS ARE FULLY ELEVATED SO THAT THEY ARE IN LINE WITH THE BODY

• IN STANDING POSITION

STRETCH STANDING

• THE FEET ARE ADJACENT WITH ROTATED HIPS INWARD IN STANDING POSITION

CLOSE STANDING

• THE HEELS ARE PRESSED TOGETHER AND RAISED FROM THE FLOOR

TOE STANDING

• THE WHOLE WEIGHT OF THE BODY IS SUPPORTED IN ONE LEG

ONE LEG STANDING

• HIPS FLEXED, TRUNK, HEAD, AND ARMS, RELAXED HANGING FORWARDS AND DOWNWARDS

LAX STOOP STANDING

• HIP JOINTS ARE FLEXED WHILE THE TRUNK, HEAD, AND ARMS REMAIN IN ALIGNMENT AND INCLINED FORWARDS

STOOP STANDING

• ONE LEG PLACED DIRECTLY FORWARDS DISTANCE OF 3 FOOT LENGTH

• BODY INCLINED FORWARD IN LINE WITH BACK LEG

FALL OUT STANDING

• One knee supports most of the body weight and the other leg is bent to a right angle at hip, knee and angle so that the foot is supported on the ground in a forward direction