Cognitive Explanations of Offending Behaviour

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10 Terms

1
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AO1- cognitive distortions

  • Cognitive distortions = faulty thinking linked to crime.

2
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AO1- hostile attribution bias

  • Hostile attribution bias: misreading neutral cues as threatening.

3
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AO1- minimalisation

  • Minimalisation: downplaying crime severity.

4
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AO1- distortions

  • Offenders use distortions to reduce guilt/blame victims.

5
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AO1- Kohlberg

  • Kohlberg: criminals have low moral reasoning (pre-conventional).

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AO1- rewards and punishments

  • Criminals act for reward/avoid punishment, not ethics.

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AO3- criticism of heinz dilemma

  • Researchers criticise Kohlberg’s use of Heinz dilemma—> to assess a person’s moral reasoning —> lacks validity in sample of children

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AO3- research support for high minimalisation

  • Research: sex offenders show high minimalisation —> downplay their behaviour

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AO3- lacks generalisability

  • Kohlberg’s theory suffers from sampling flaws —> only males used —> androcentric —> theory not generalisable to women

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AO3- practical applications

  • Supports CBT rehabilitation to reduce distorted thinking —> reduces re-offending risk