CH 19 APUSH GIVE ME LIBERTY REVIEW

The great war began

in 1914 and lasted until 1918

Germany and the Allied Nations signing the Treaty of Versailles

ended World war one June 28th, 1919

What was the timeline of the dates the US declared war?

The Us declares war on Germany April 6th 1917

The US declares war on Austria-Hungary Dec 7th 1917

What was the timeline of dates Germany declares war?

**Aug. 1:** Germany and Russia declare war on each other \n **Aug. 3:** Germany and France declare war on each other \n **Aug. 4:** Germany declares war on Belgium, United Kingdom declares war on Germany

**March 9:** Germany declares war on Portugal \n **Aug. 28:** Germany declares war on Romania

The Spanish-American war had established as an

international empire

though the us was an international empire

its overseas holdings remained tiny compared to BR, F & G

though britain still dominated world banking & the british pound rmeianed the major currecny of international trade

the us had become the leading industrial power

by 1914, the us produced more than 1/3 of the world’s

manufactured goods

hundreds of thousands of american traveled abroad each yr in the early

20th cen

american racial and ethnic groups became highly engaged in

overseasa politics

americans growing connections witht he outside world led to increasing

military and political involvement

many europeans thought american products and culture would overwhelm

their own

woodrow wilson’s foreign policy “liberal internationalism” rested on the belief that

economic and political progress went hand in hand

the search for markets overseas would be a \n recurring them of the 20th cen American

foreign policy

the us had claimed a special right to oversee ever since the monroe doctrine of

1823

between 1901 & 1920, us marines landed in carribean countries more than

20 times

carribean countries were usually dispacthed to create a welcming economic environment for

us comapnies tat wanted staple access to raw materials and nervous bankers conscience of loans to local govs

Tr divided the world into

ciovlized and uncivilized nations

TR believed civilized nations had an obligation to establish order in an unruly world

T

T or F? TR was far more active in international diplomacy than his predecessors (before)

T

TR showed an ex of becoming an activ ein itnernational diplomacy by negotiating a settlemnt of teh

Russo-japaneese war of 1905

because TR negotiated a settlemnt of the russo-japanese war he was awarded the

Nobel peace prize 1906

T or F? tr’s policies closer to home were more aggressive

t

between 1898 & 1934, the us intervened militarily numerous times Caribbean countries generally to

protect the economic interests of American banks and investors

TR liked to follow the west African proverb..

“speak softly and carry a big stick”

T or F? Tr pursued a policy of intervention in central america

t

tr was convinced that a canal would facilitate the

movement of naval and commercial vessels between the 2 oceans

in 1879-1881 ferdinand lesseps attempted to construct a cnala but fieled because of inadquate funding an dhis workers got yellow fever and malaria

t

in 1903, columbia refused to cede land for the project of

builidng the panama canal

tr uprising was led by

phillipe bunau-varilla

an american gunboat prevented the colombian army from suppresing

tr’s rebellion

upon establishing pamna’s independence, varilla signed a treaty giving the us the right to construct and operate the canal and

sovereignty over the Canal Zone

the canal zone was a

10 mile wide strip of land through which the canal would run

the canal was the largest construction project in history to that date

t

the building of the Panama canal involved the use

of immigrant labor

most of the 60k immigrant workers came from

the carribean islands of barbados & jamaica

other immigrant canal workers came from

the us, europe & asia

the best jobs were reserved for

white americans

white Americans lived in their own

communities with schools, churches and libraries

t or f? eliminaing mosquitos carrying torpical diseases from the canal required massive effort

t

the canal was complete in

1914

the canal reduced the

sea voyage between the e and w coasts of the us by 8k miles

t or f? the manner in which the canal had been initiated and the continued American rule over the canal zone would long remain a source of tension

t

the building of the canal lasted from

1903-1914.

in june 1914, a serbia nationalist assassinated archduke

franz ferdiannd

franz ferdinand was heir to the throne of the austrian-hungarian

empire sarajevo, bosnia

wihtin a lil more than motnh becuas eof the european powers military alliances found themselves at war with the

central powers

the european powers militar alliances were

britian, france, russia, and japan

the central powers alliances were

germany, austria-hungary, and the ottoman empire

After german forces quickly overran belgium and part northern france world war 1 settle dinto a prolonged

stalemate (neither side makes progress)

t or f? the war consisted of bloody indecisive battles suceeding one another

t

new military techs - submarines, airplanes, machne guns, tanks and posion gas - produced a lot of

deaths

in 1 5 month battle @ verdun 1916 600k F & G soldiers perished, nearly as many as the

civil war

t or f? By the time the war had ended an estimated 1m soldier and uncounted millions of civilians had perished

t

the war was followed by

a widespread famine and a worldwide epidemic of influecnza that kileld an estiamated 21m ppl more

world war 1 was also called

the great war

t or f? the great war negativle yimpacted the optimism and slef-confidence of wstern civilization

t

t or f? the great war was a shock to European socialist and labor movements

t

many feminists, pacificists and social reformers lobbied against American involvement in the war because

they believed peace would enhance social justice @ home

pres wilson proclaimed american neutrality in 1914, the beginning of the great

war

in the yrs preceding the war f 1812, naval warfare ine ueope reverberated in te

us

britain dclared a naval blocakde of G and began to stop US

merchant vessels

Germany launced submarine warfare agaisnt ships entering and leaving Britihs v preceding the war of

1812

In may 1915, a german submarine sank the British liner Lusitania (carrying a large cache of arms) off the coast of

Ireland

the sinking of the lusiatania caused the deatth of 1,1198 passengers including

124 americans

wilson wrote a note of protest so strong against the sinking of Lusitania that Bryan resigned as

secretary of state

Bryan had advocated warning Americans to not travel on the ships of

belligerents

Wilson felt bryan’s feared his beliefs against americans trveling on foreigners ships would represent a retreat from the principle of

freedom of the seas

in may 1916 gemrnay announced the suspension of submarine warfare against

non-combatants

“he kept us out of war” was the slogan for wilson’s campaign for

the election of 1916 (re-election)

t or f? because the rep party reunited after it’s split in 1912 the elction of 1916 proved to be one of the closet in American history

t

t or f? wilson defeated rep candidate charles evans hughes by only 23 electorals & 600k pop votes out of mroe than 18m cast

t

wilson got his votes partly becuase he seemed to promise not to send ameircna soldiers to

europe

Wilson carried 10 of the 12 states adopting women’s suffrage in the

election of 1916

without the votes of women, wilson wouldn’t have been

re-elected

on Jan 22, 1917, Wilson called for a “peace without victory” in Europe and outlined his vision for a

world order

Wilson’s vision for a world order included:

freedom of the seas

restrictions on armaments

and self-determination for nations gr8 & small

immediately after wilson’s vision was made, Germany it’s intention to resume submarine warfare against ships ailing to or from the

British isles

because of Germany sinking ships traveling from or o the British isles, several us merchant vessels were

sunk

in march 1917, british spies intercepted tabs made public the

Zimmerman Telegram

the Zimmerman telegram was a message by Arthur Zimmermann calling on Mo to join in a coming war against the U.S. and promising to help it recover territory lost in the

Mexican war

a revolution in Russia that overthrew the Czar the same month of the Zimmermann telegram made it easier to believe the U.S. would be fighting on the side of

democracy

on April 2nd, Wilson went to Congress to ask for a declaration of war against

Germany

Wilson war resolution passed the Senate with 82-6 and the House with

373-50

not until spring 1918 did American forces - in large #’s -

arrive in europe

in nov 1917 a communist revolution headed by Vladimir lenin overthrew the

Russian gov that had come to power the previous spring

to assure the war being forged for a moral cause wilson issued the

14 points

the 14 points were the clearest statement of us war aims and wilsons vision of a new

international order

the key principles of wilson’s vision of a new international order included: pt. 1:

self-determination of all nations, freedom of the seas, open diplomacy (an end to sever treaties)

the key principles of wilson’s vision of a new international order included pt. 2:

the readjustment of colonial claims with colonized ppl given equal weight in deciding their futures

the key principles of wilson’s vision of a new international order included pt. 3:

the creation of a “general association of nations” to preserve the peace

Wilson’s envision of his last provisions led to the establishment of the

League of Nations

The League of Nations, created after the Great War, was created as a kind of global home to maintain social harmony and

prevent the powerful from exploiting the weak

although the 14 points was purely an american program it established the agenda for the

peace conference that followed the war

t or f? the Us threw it’s economic resources and manpower into the war

t

in the spring of 1918, us troops helped to repulse a german advance near paris and by july were participating in a major allied

counteroffensive (

in sep the Meis-Argonne campaign helped to push back the outnumbered and

exhausted german army

t or f? the german kaiser abdicated on nov 9 with his troops in full retreat

t

2 days later germany aired for

peace