HESI A&P Test 1

Which of the following glands secrete earwax?

• Salivary

• Eccrine

• Sebaceous

• Ceruminous

Ceruminous

Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes?

• Ribosomes

• Lysosomes

• Golgi bodies

• Mitochondria

Lysosomes

What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur?

• The formation of white blood cells; Spleen

• The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow

• The formation of bile; Liver

• The formation of red blood cells; Heart

The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow

Where is the popliteal artery located?

• On the underside of the wrist

• Below the jaw line between the trachea and sternomastoid muscle

• Behind the knee

• Near the top of the cubital fossa

Behind the knee

Which of the following is defined as “a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together?”

• Tissues

• Organs

• Organ systems

• Neuroglia

Tissues

What is the purpose of gastric mucous?

• To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes.

• To trap waste products to be turned into fecal matter.

• To help break down fibrous foods.

• To prevent pathogens from being absorbed by the stomach lining and into the bloodstream.

To protect the stomach lining form acid and digestive enzymes

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

• Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing posteriorly

• Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly

• Standing upright, facing away from the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing towards anteriorly.

• Standing upright, facing away from the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed outward, and the palms facing anteriorly.

Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly

Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell?

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum

• Cell membrane

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• Nucleus

Cell membrane

Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal?

• Esophagus

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Oral cavity

Oral cavity

What is the function of endocrine glands?

• They secrete products directly into a duct that carries the products to where they are needed.

• They secrete hormones directly into the blood.

• They are a group of cells that respond to specific hormones.

• They transmit nerve impulses between parts of the body.

They secrete hormones directly into the blood

A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________.

• unnecessary blood clotting

• extensive bleeding

• inability to fight infection

• fatigue and shortness of breath

extensive bleeding

What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate?

• Calcium reabsorption by the nephrons

• The release of water into the bladder to be voided as urine

• The increase of calcium levels in the blood

• Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate

Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate

A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a large amount of?

• Shellfish

• Carrots

• Cabbage

• Soda

carrots

Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?

• Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium

• Right ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium

• Left ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium

• Right ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium

Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method?

• Melanoma

• Squamous cell carcinoma

• Leukemia

• Basal cell carcinoma

Melanoma

Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg?

• Vastus lateralis

• Rectus demoris

• Vastus medialis

• Gracilis

Vastus lateralis

Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?

• Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion increases

• Heart rate increases, pupils constrict, digestion slows down

• Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down

• Heart rate decreases, pupils constrict, digestion increases

Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down

The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions?

• Pelvic

• Thoracic

• Femoral

• Brachial

Pelvic

Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system?

• Urethra

• Ureter

• Vas deferens

• Epididymis

Urethra

Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles?

• Folic acid

• Lactic acid

• Citric acid

• Hydrochloric acid

Lactic acid

Which bones form via intramembranous ossification?

• The ulna, radius, and carpals

• The malleus, incus, and stapes

• The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles

• The manubrium and xyphoid process

The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles

The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint?

• Pivot

• Hinge

• Saddle

• Ball-and-socket

Ball-and-socket

The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones?

• Radius and ulna

• Tarsals and metatarsals

• Metacarpals and phalanges

• Tibia and fibula

Radius and ulna

Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities?

• Femur

• Tibia

• Fibula

• Ulna

Ulna

A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn?

• Tendon

• Fibrous joint

• Ligament

• Muscle

Ligament