Female Animal Reproductive System

Endometrium

Epithelial Layer Of The Uterus Which Thickens During Pregnancy To Support Fetus, The Inside Layer Of The Uterine Wall

Myometrium Layer

Smooth Muscle That Will Contract During Labour, Middle Layer Of The Uterine Wall

Mesometrium Layer

The Broad Ligament - Mesentery Of The Uterus, Outside Layer Of The Uterine Wall, Ovarian And Uterine Arteries Are Found Here

Ovaries

The Female Reproductive Organ That Produces & Stores Eggs

Uterus

A Muscular Organ In A Female That Accommodates A Fetus During Pregnancy

Duplex Uterus Morphology

Uterine Horns, Two Cervices

Bipartite Uterus Morphology

Uterine Horns, Single Cervix

Bicornuate Uterus Morphology

Uterine Body, Uterine Horns & Single Cervix

Simplex Uterine Morphology

Single Uterine Body, Single Cervix

Fallopian Tubes

A Pair Of Muscular Tubes That Connect The Ovaries And The Uterus, But Do Not Physically Touch The Ovaries. They Allow The Transport Of An Ovum From The Ovaries Into The Uterus.

What Is LH And What Does It Do?

Luteinizing Hormone, Is Released By The Brain When Estrogen Has Reached Its Peak, Triggering The Ovarian Follicle To Rupture So That The Egg Inside Can Be Potentially Fertilized

What Is FSH And What Does It Do?

Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Stimulates The Growth Of The Ovarian Follicle. FSH Will Also Result In The Gradually Increasing Release Of Estrogen

Cervix

A Ring Of Smooth Muscle Whish Is The Lower Part Of The Uterus. Acts As A Gateway Between The Uterus And Vagina, And Will Allow Sperm From The Vagina To Enter The Uterus.

Uniparous

1 Offspring

Multiparous

More Than 1 Offspring

Oviparous

Offspring Are Hatched From An Egg

Viviparous

Offspring Are Born Without An Egg

Ovoviviparous

Eggs Are Laid And Hatched Internally, Animal Will Give Birth To Live Young

Labia

The Outside “Lips” Of The Vagina

Mono-Estrous

Will Release 1 Egg Per Breeding Cycle

Poly-Estrous

Will Release Multiple Eggs Per Breeding Cycle

Seasonally Poly-Estrous

Brain Will React To Heat, Time Of Day, Weather, Meaning The Estrous Period Will Only Occur At A Certain Time Of The Year

Induced Ovulator

Only Release An Egg During Mating Process

Spontaneous Ovulator

Will Release An Egg Every Estrous Cycle

Non Seasonally Poly-Estrous

Will Breed All Throughout The Year

Exocrine

Hormones Are Secreted Close To Their Target Organ

Endocrine

Hormones Are Secreted Into The Blood And Must Travel To Their Target Organ

What Is Estrogen And What Does It Do?

Hormone Secreted By The Ovaries, Aids In The Growth Of An Ovarian Follicle So That An Egg Can Be Released

What Is Progesterone And What Does It Do?

A Hormone That Is Secreted By The Corpus Luteum Once An Egg Has Been Released, Causes The Uterine Lining To Thicken In Preparation For Egg Implantation. If Implantation Does Not Occur, Progesterone Levels Will Drop. Can Also Cause Mammary Glands To Enlarge, And Milk Secreting Tissue To Develop.

What Is The Corpus Luteum And What Does It Do?

It Is A Structure In The Ovary That Is Formed In A Ruptured Egg Follicle. It Secretes Estrogen And Progesterone

Explain The Bitch Estrous Cycle Stages

Pro-Estrous (Lasts 9 Days, Follicular Development, Enlarged Vulva, Bloody Discharge), Estrous (9 Days, Estrogen At Peak, Enlarged Vulva, Straw Discharge, LH Causes Ovulation, Progesterone Is Released), Metestrus (90 Days, Progesterone Still Released, No Longer Fertile, Vulva Is Normal), Anoestrus (3-0 Months, No Ovarian Acitivty)

Explain The Queen (Female Cat) Estrous Cycle

Estrous (4-10 Days, Estrogen At Peak, Queen Will Put Rump In Air With Tail To Side (Lordosis), Call & Urinate More), Dioestrus (14 Days, Normal Behavior, Mature Follicle Size Will Reduce If Not Pregnant, FSH Causes New Follicles To Develop, Estrogen Will Be Produced By The Follicles) Anoestrus (4 Months, No Ovarian Activity)

Explain The Mare Estrous Cycle

Estrous (3-5 Days, Estrogen At Peak, Ovary Ready To Release Egg, Mare Will Stand With Hind Legs Apart, Tail Raised, Contract Vulva), Dioestrus (14—16 Days, Normal Behavior, Follicle Will Reduce If Not Pregnant) Anoestrus (7 Months, No Ovarian Activity)

Give An Example Of An Oviparous Animal

Bird Or Python

Give An Example Of A Spontaneous Ovulator

Horse Or Dog

Give An Example Of An Induced Ovulator

Cat Or Rabbit

What Is Prolactin And What Does It Do?

A Hormone That Is Released In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy, And Is The Hormone That Produces Milk

What Is Oxytocin And What Does It Do?

A Hormone That Stimulates Uterine Contractions During Birth And Lactation After Birth, Released During The Birthing Process

What is Copulatory Lock?

When A Male And Female Dog Are Locked Together During Sexual Intercourse Due To The Swelling Of The Bulbus Glandis Of The Penis, Can Last Around 10-30 Mins

Term For Neutered Horse

Gelding

Haploid Cell

A Sex Cell Containing Half The DNA Needed To Create A Fertilized Cell

Male Ferret

Hob

Female Ferret

Jill

Zygote

2 Haploid Cells, Fertilized Egg, Divides In The Fallopian Tubes, Cilia Moves Cell Along Into Uterus Where It Will Implant And Grow

Zonary Placenta

Band Of Placenta Wrapping Around The Amniotic Sac

Diffuse Placenta

Completely Covers The Amniotic Sac

Placenta

Structure That Grows During Pregnancy, Connects Baby To The Uterus, Delivers Oxygen To Baby Via Umbilical Vein, And Waste products Away Via Umbilical Artery

What Does Milk Contain?

Lipids, Carbohydrates And Proteins

What Do Myoepithelial Cells Do?

They Are Smooth Muscle That Contract To Push Milk Into The Mammary Glands

How Many Pairs Of Mammary Glands Does A Bitch Have?

5 Pairs

How Many Pairs Of Mammary Glands Does A Queen Have?

4 Pairs

How Many Pairs Of Mammary Glands Does A Mare Have?

1 Pair

What Is The First Stage Of Birth?

Cervical Dilation: Oxytocin Is Released, Causing Mild Contractions, Can Last Several Days

What Is The Second Stage Of Birth?

Delivery Of The Fetus, Oxytocin Level Is High, Cervix Fully Dilated, Amniotic Sac Will Rupture

What Is The Third Stage Of Birth?

Expulsion Of The Placenta, A Placenta Should Be Expelled After Each Fetus That Is Born