Biological Science Test 1
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Last updated 11:27 PM on 9/11/23
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43 Terms
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A flexible process used to explore a wide variety of thoughts and ideas
The Scientific Method
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What are the 5 steps of the scientific method?
1. Make Observations
2. Formulate A Hypothesis
3. Devise A Testable Prediction
4. Conduct A Critical Experiment
5. Draw Conclusions & Make Revisions
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Testable explanation to a question
Hypothesis
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Supported by large body of scientific evidence
Theory
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Describes what nature does under certain conditions
Law
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All living things are made of _____
Cells
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A _____ is the smallest unit of life
Cell
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A _____ is the simplest form of a substance
Element
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What is the nucleus composed of?
Protons and Nutrons
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The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of _____
Electrons
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Protons have a ___ charge
Positive
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Electrons have a ___ charge
Negative
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The _______ determines an atom’s identity
Atomic Number
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In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of _____
Electrons
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The number of electrons in an atom’s valence shell will determine _______
Reactivity
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The 1st shell is full at how many electrons?
2
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The 2nd shell is full at how many electrons?
8
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The 3rd Shell is full at how many electrons?
8
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Is carbon reactive?
Yes; It’s valence shell isn’t full
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In a ____ bond, two atoms share a pair of electrons
Covalent
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Electrons are shared unequally between atoms
Polar
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Electrons are shared equally between atoms
Nonpolar
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Two or more atoms chemically bonded together
Molecule
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Substances that dissolve in water
Hydrophilic
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Substances that do not dissolve in water
Hydrophobic
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Is sugar hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophilic
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Is butter hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophobic
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Organic molecules consist of which two atoms
Carbon and Hydrogen
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______ are small subunits that bind together
Monomers
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When these small subunits bind together, they for a ______
Polymer
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What are the 4 biomolecules?
* Carbohydrates
* Lipids
* Proteins
* Nucleic Acids
* Lipids
* Proteins
* Nucleic Acids
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What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
Monosaccarides
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What is the monomer for lipids?
Fatty Acids & Glycerol
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What is the monomer for proteins?
Amino Acids
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What is the monomer for nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
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Polymer for carbohydrates
Disaccahrides and Polysaccharides
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Polymer for lipids
Triglycerides
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Polymer for proteins
More Complex Protein
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Polymer for nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
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Fast source of energy is the primary function for ______
Carbohydrates
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Long term energy storage is the primary function for ______
Lipids
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Muscle development is the primary function for ____
Proteins
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Stores and transfers information is the primary function for _______
Nucleic Acids
Note 
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