Themes_of_A_P_and_Chemistry_of_Life

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the body.

Physiology

The study of dynamic processes in the living body.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of stable internal conditions in the body.

Gross Anatomy

The study of body structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

Histology

The study of individual cells through microscopy.

Surface Anatomy

The study of external structures of the body.

Regional Anatomy

The study of multiple organ systems at the same time in a specific area of the body.

Systemic Anatomy

The study of one organ system at a time.

Dissection

A method of learning anatomy by cutting into the body.

Auscultation

The technique of listening to body sounds for diagnostic purposes.

X-rays

A form of high-energy radiation used to photograph internal structures.

CT Scans

Scans that use low-intensity X-rays to create images of thin sections of the body.

MRI

A medical imaging technique that uses a powerful electromagnet to visualize soft tissue.

PET Scan

A diagnostic imaging technique that assesses metabolic states of tissues using radioactively labeled glucose.

Negative Feedback Loop

A mechanism that senses a change and activates processes that reverse it to maintain equilibrium.

Positive Feedback Loop

A mechanism that enhances or amplifies changes, leading to a greater change in the same direction.

Monosaccharides

The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules.

Disaccharides

Carbohydrates formed from two monosaccharides bonded together.

Polysaccharides

Carbohydrates that are long chains of monosaccharide units.

Triglycerides

Fats and oils composed of glycerol linked to three fatty acid chains.

Phospholipids

Lipids that have a phosphate group in place of one fatty acid, crucial for cell membranes.

Proteins

Polymers made of amino acids, essential for various biological functions.

Enzymes

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Nucleic Acids

Polymers that serve as the genetic machinery of the cell, such as DNA and RNA.

ATP

A nucleotide that serves as the energy currency of the cell.