CSB046 NM Weekly Practice Questions

For what purpose are radiopharmaceuticals administered?

To diagnose, treat and assess pathologies specific to an organ or anatomical function

What is a kit?

A vial containing pharmaceuticals which when combined with radionuclides become radiopharmaceuticals

Which nuclear medicine imaging procedure is used to asess perfusion to the heart?

Myocardial perfusion scan (MPS)

What does the term ‘hot’ mean with respect to radioactivity?

High concentration of radioactivity ('is radioactive')

List the challenges associated with nuclear medicine as an imaging modality. (6)

• Radiation safety

• Patient compliance

• Costs

• Availability of radioactivity

• Rise in non-ionising imaging modalities

• Availability of scanners to patients

Who developed the first gamma camera in 1957?

Hal Anger

What is the name for the imaging unit that combines a nuclear medicine gamma camera with CT?

SPECT/CT

Name the different types of imaging devices used in nuclear medicine. (8)

-          SPECT

-          SPECT/CT

-          Dedicated scanners

-          Portable gamma cameras

-          Intra-operative gamma cameras

-          PET/CT

-          PET/MRI

-          BMD

List the different acquisition types that can be acquired on a nuclear medicine gamma camera. (6)

-          Dynamic imaging

-          Static imaging

-          Whole body imaging

-          Cardiac-gated imaging

-          SPECT

-          SPECT/CT

What are the benefits of performing SPECT/CT procedures? (4)

-          Versatile in its regions that can be imaged

-          Allows greater accuracy in anatomical localisation

-          Improves specificity and sensitivity of the modality

-          Can perform standalone NM scans and standaloneT scans

What are dynamic images?

Continuous images acquired over set period to assess blood flow, gastric-emptying rates and renal excretion

What is the newest modality to be utilised in nuclear medicine

PET/MRI

What does PET stand for?

Positron emission tomography

Following a diagnostic nuclear medicine procedure can a patient go on to have additional medical imaging procedures? Why or why not?

Nuclear medicine is considered a ________ imaging modality.

Functional

How does cardiac gating work in nuclear medicine?

The gating process breaks each cardiac cycle into a series of bins to synchronize the imaging with the heart's phases, allowing for more accurate assessment of cardiac perfusion and function.

Name two nuclear medicine procedures where the radiopharmaceutical is delivered orally.

• Colonic transit study

• Gastric emptying study

What radionuclide can be used to treat papillary thyroid cancer?

Iodine-131

In what year & by who were gamma rays discovered?

Paul Villard, 1900

What nuclear medicine procedure is used to evaluate PE?

Ventilation perfusion (VQ) scan

How has nuclear medicine improved its ability to display anatomical detail?

Hybrid imaging combines functional and anatomical information to allow more accurate localisation of

True or false, all nuclear medicine procedures involve imaging.

False

Following a diagnostic nuclear medicine procedure can a patient go on to have additional medical imaging procedures? Why or why not?

Yes, as the decay of the radiopharmaceutical does not impact other imaging modalities.

What does the term SPECT stand for? And provide a brief explanation of this image acquisition method.

Single photon emission computed tomography uses gamma photons that are given off from the decay of a radiopharmaceutical after its administration into the patient. The gamma camera rotates around the patient to absorb the varying signal intensities of gamma photons being emitted from the patient and provide three-dimensional views of the anatomy.