A&P ch.5

The myocardium receives its blood supply from the

coronary arteries

The what? pumps blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs.

right ventricle

blood is what type of tissue

fluid tissue

the right ventricle does what

pumps blood to the lungs from the pulmonary artery

what ventricle carries blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.

left ventricle

Neutrophils

the most common type of White blood cell

CPR stands for

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Phleb/o means?

vein

lipoprotein cholesterol

good cholesterol

blood is what tissue

fluid connective tissue

Pericardium

Membrane surrounding the heart

endocardium

inner lining of the heart

Myocardium

middle and thickest layer

epicardium

outer layer of the heart

what does the serous pericardium do?

lubricates the heart and resists friction

heart muscle layers left to right

endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, pericardial cavity, parietal layer of serous pericardium, and fibrous pericardium

Atria is the? #? of the what?

2 upper chambers of the heart

What are the 2 chambers of the heart?

1 atrium and 1 ventricle

valves of the heart

pulmonary, tricuspid, aortic, mitral valves

pulmonary circulation

flows blood only between the heart and the lungs

difference between pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins?

pulm. arteries carry deoxygenated blood and pulm. veins carry oxygenated blood

What circulation breaks all the rules?

pulmonary circulation

systemic circulation flows to whole body except?

the lungs

synotrial node is the natural what?

pacemaker of the heart

Bundle of Hiss (HISS)

ensure the heart sequence

Waves of a heart beat

p wave(early systole) QRS complex (ventricles contract) T wave (disatole)

what is a normal rhythm called?

sinus rhythm

p wave and t wave are?

early systole and disatole

QRS complex in a heartbeat shows what?

relaxed ventricles contracting

what is the brady, normal, and tachy cardia numbers? example 20-50

40-60 is brady, 60-100 is normal, 100-120 is tachy

what is the largest vessel in the body

aorta

what is the smallest vessels in the body?

capillaries

superficial veins vs deep veins?

superficial veins are near the top surface and do not have corresponding arteries. deep veins in tissue, not near the top, the do have corresponding arteries

What are the 2 largest veins in the body?

superior and inferior vena cava

difference between the superior and inferior vena cava?

superior transports blood to upper portion of the HT while the inferior transports blood from the lower portion of the HT

aneurysm vs. stenosis

aneurysm is localized weakening of an artery and stenosis is abnormal narrowing of an artery

What is serum?

plasma filled after clotting is removed

what are the major blood gases?

oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen

blood pressure is measured with mmHg. What does mmHg mean?

millimeters per mercury

bpm 40-60 is a what heartbeat?

bradycardia

60-100 bpm is

normal blood pressure range

100-120 bpm is

tachycardia

arterioles regulate what?

blood pressure

what is the largest vessel in the body?

the aorta

The cartoid artery is a major artery and carries what to where?

carries blood to the head

what is the smallest vessel in the body?

the capillaries

superficial veins vs. deep veins

near body surface and DO NOT have corresponding arteries, deep veins are in tissue away from the surface and they DO HAVE corr. arteries

what are the 2 largest veins in the body?

superior and inferior vena cava

difference from superior and inferior vena cavae?

sup. transports blood to upper portion of HT and the inf. transports blood to lower portion of HT

what are the 3 main gases?

oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen

cardiomyopathy means

all diseases of the heart muscle

what is CAD, CHD, and IHD (relating to heart)

coronary artery disease, coronary heart disease, and ischemic heart disease

what is angina meaning?

chest pain due to lack of blood flow

ischemia meaning?

insufficient supply of oxygen due to no blood flow

myocardial infarction (MI) means a?

heart attack (complete block of cor. arter. by plaque buildup)

CHF results to edema what is CHF and edema mean?

congestive heart failure and edema is swelling

carditis and endocarditis meaning?

carditis is inflammation of the heart and endocarditis is inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

left-sided heart failure is?

systolic or diastolic failure

right-sided heart failure happens because?

often the result of left-sided heart failure, causes fluid buildup

a defective heart valve is also know as a?

heart murmur

valvular heart disease prevents what?

prevents heart valves from opening and closing properly

valvular stenosis means?

narrowing, stiffening, or thickening of the valves

protrusion of a heart valve is known as?

mitral valve prolaps

what is it called when a valve doesn’t close tightly

mitral valve regurgitation

arrhythmia is?

irregular heartbeat

cardiac arrest is?

total loss of normal rhythm

asystole mean?

flat line

palpitation is

a pounding or racing heartbeat w/ or wo/ rhythm

arterial fibrillation(a-fib)

a fib is tachycardia

ventricular fibrillation (v-fib)

rapid, irregular, heartbeat

hypertension vs. hypotension

hyper. high blood pressure vs. low blood pressure

essential hypertension is?

consistant high blood pressure with and unknown cause

secondary hypertension means?

a medical problem but improves when problem is resolved

malignant hypertension vs. pulmonary hypertension?

malignant is very high blood pressure vs. high blood pressure in the lungs

orthostatic hypotension means?

low blood pressure from standing up

hemostasis means?

to stop or control bleeding

embolism is?

sudden blockage of blood vessel by embolus

aneurysm is?

balloon-like or weakening of an artery walls

stenosis means?

narrowing of an artery by plaque or commpression

atherosclerosis means

hardening from plaque

phlebitis

inflammation of veins

varicose veins are?

swollen veins

thrombus means?

blood clot on interior wall of artery or veins

occlusion means?

blocking or closing of an opening

venous thromboembolism is a?

blood clot in the vein which breaks off and travels

dyscrasia means?

abnormal condition or state

-penia means?

decrease, loss

bacterial infection entering your bloodstream is known as?

sepsis

thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis mean?

thrombocytopenia means decrease in # of platelets and thrombocytosis means increase in # of platelets in the blood

what is the fatty substance that travels through the blood to all body parts?

cholesterol

hyperlipidemia

elevated cholesterol and other fatty substance

LDL or low density lipid is what type of cholesterol?

bad cholesterol

HDL or hight density lipid is what type of cholesterol

good cholesterol

leukemia meaning?

cancer by progressive increase of leukocytes (white blood cells)

anemia

low erythrocytes (red blood cells)

hemochromatosis is?

iron-overload disease where the intestines absorb to much iron

angiography is what type of diagnostic procedure?

x-ray of blood vessels after contrast is injected

duplex ultrasound is what type of procedure?

imaging of blood vessel and the flow of blood through the vessels

what do they use to record the heart electrically?

electrocardiogram

what is a compliance treatment?

following dr’s orders no matter what