med term ch8

Amnion

The innermost extraembryonic membrane

Areola

The pigmented circular area surrounding the nipple of each breast

Bartholin glands

Two small mucus-secreting glands located on the posterior and lateral aspect of the vestibule of the vagina

cervix

The part of the uterus that protrudes into the cavity of the vagina

Chorion

The outermost extraembryonic membrane

Cul-de-sac

A pouch formed by the parietal peritoneum between the uterus and the rectum

Endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus, composed of mucous membrane

Estrogen

A hormonal steroid compound that promotes the development of femal secondary sex characteristics

Fallopian tube

One of a pair of ducts opening at one end into the uterus and at the other end into the peritoneal cavity, over the ovary

LH is the abbreviation for:

• Luteinizing hormone

FSH is the abbreviation for:

• Follicle-stimulating hormone

The hormones produced by the ovaries are _________ and _________.

estrogen, progesterone

Lactation is performed by the:

Breast

Ms. Carson was found to be infertile because she was anovulatory. In other words, her ovaries were unable to produce and mature eggs, or ______.

Ova

Ms. Kazie, who has never been pregnant, or is nulli _________, was diagnosed with fibrocystic disease.

gravida

The empty graafian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell is called the:

Corpus Luteum

The vascular organ that serves as a bridge between maternal and fetal bloodstreams is the:

Placenta

Another term for pregnancy is:

Gestation

Rupture of the ovarian follicle with subsequent release of the ovum from the ovary is called:

Ovulation

A human organism, from about 8 weeks to birth, is called a(n)

Fetus

The two small, rounded exocrine glands on either side of the vaginal opening that produce a lubricating mucus secretion are the:

• Bartholin glands

A urine pregnancy test detects the presence of:

• Human chorionic gonadotropin

Ms. Boineau, 66, has postmenopausal bleeding. Among the diagnostics scheduled by her gynecologist are a D&C and an endometrial biopsy. A gynecologist is a specialist in the study and treatment of

• The female reproductive system

The ________metrium is the muscular middle layer of the uterus:

myo

The combining form that means vulva is:

• Episi/o

Galact/o means

milk

Hyster/o means

uterus

The beginning of the first menstrual period is called:

Menarche

The lower, necklike portion of the uterus is the:

Cervix

The amnion is the:

• Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

Tubes that carry milk within the breast are called:

• Lactiferous ducts

The area between the anus and the vagina is the:

Perineum

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth is:

Obstetrics

A fertilized egg cell is called a(n):

zygote

CIS is the abbreviation for:

Carcinoma in situ

IRDS is the abbreviation for:

• Infant respiratory distress syndrome

PID is the abbreviation for

• Pelvic inflammatory disease

In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg could be implanted in any of the following sites except the:

uterus

A condition that can occur during or shortly after pregnancy and is marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema is called:

Preeclampsia

The sonogram showed that Ms. Yarrow had collections of fluid within a sac in her left ovary, or:

• Ovarian cysts

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain is known as:

Hydrocephalus

The chromosomal abnormality that results in mental retardation and an increased risk for certain medical conditions is:

down syndrome

Which term describes a narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum?

• Pyloric stenosis

This condition is caused by a lack of protein in the lining of the neonate's lung tissue.

• Infant respiratory distress syndrome

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is a strong risk factor for:

• Cervical cancer

The medical term for inflammation of the cervix is:

cervicitis

A yellowish, pus-filled discharge from the vagina is called:

Leukorrhea

This disease occurs most often in menopausal women.

• Endometrial carcinoma

The medical term for the condition of endometrial tissue located outside the uterus is:

endometriosis

Benign tumors in the uterus are called:

Leiomyomas

The term for a malignant tumor of the ovary is:

Cystadenocarcinoma

The absence of menses (menstrual flow) is called:

Amenorrhea

Premature separation of the implanted placenta is called:

• Abruptio placentae

This neonatal condition is caused by a blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus.

Erythroblastosis fetalis

HRT is the abbreviation for:

hormone replacement therapy

D&C is the abbreviation for:

• Dilation and curettage

Pelvic __________ is the surgical removal of pelvic organs.

exenteration

A mastectomy is the surgical removal of:

• One or both breasts

A _______ectomy is the excision of fibroids from the uterus.

myom

Ms. Ferrario was once diagnosed with cervical dysplasia, so her doctor recommends that she get a ____________ every year to test for abnormal cervical cells.

pap smear

Microscopic examination of the tissue revealed that Ms. Boineau has endometrial cancer. After consultation with the surgical and radiation oncologists, Ms. Boineau is scheduled for a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Ms. Boineau's surgery will remove:

• The uterus and both fallopian tubes and both ovaries

Destruction of abnormal tissue with chemicals or an electrically heated instrument is called:

Cauterization

For this procedure, the surgeon uses a microscopic three dimension view and a control console to remove the uterus using small incisions.

robotic hysterectomy

The diagnostic imaging procedure that uses sound waves to make images as the waves bounce off organs in the pelvic region is:

pelvic ultrasonography

The removal of the fetus by abdominal incision into the uterus is called:

• Cesarean section

Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a lighted magnifying instrument resembling mounted binoculars is called:

Colposcopy

The withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction is called:

Aspiration

This diagnostic surgical procedure may be accomplished with a loop electrocautery excision procedure (LEEP).

Conization

Cryosurgery is the:

• Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue

Needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac is _____centesis.

culdo

Which is a form of birth control?

tubal ligation

Which is a procedure that tests placental tissue for prenatal diagnosis?

• Chorionic villus sampling

When a pregnant woman undergoes a procedure that punctures the abdomen to withdraw a sample of the fluid surrounding the fetus or embryo, it is called a(n)

amniocentesis

A diagnostic test that involves the imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes following the injection of contrast dye is:

hysterosalpingography

What is the term for the procedure in which the surgeon removes as much of the ovarian adenocarcinoma as possible?

debulking

Fertilization

The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote from which the embryo develops

Fetus

Unborn offspring from the ninth week after fertilization until birth

Fimbriae

Branched fingerlike projections at the distal end of each fallopian tube

Follicle-stimulating hormone

A gonadotropin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth and maturation of graafian follicles in the ovary in the female and promotes spermatogenesis in the male

Fundus of the uterus

The portion of the uterus farthest from the cervical opening

Gestation, pregnancy

The process of growth and development within a woman of a new individual, from conception to birth

Human chorionic gonadotropin

A chemical component of the urine of pregnant women

Hymen

A fold of mucus membrane, skin, and fibrous tissue that covers the introitus of the vagina

Labia majora

Two long lips of skin, one on each side of the vaginal orifice, outside the labia minora

Labia minora

Two thin folds of skin between the labia majora, extending from the clitoris backward on both sides of the vaginal orifice, ending between it and the labia majora

Lactation

The process of synthesis and secretion of milk from the breasts in the nourishment of an infant or child

Luteinizing hormone

A glycoprotein hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland

Menarche

The first menstruation and the commencement of cyclic menstrual function

Menopause

The cessation of menses

Menstruation

The periodic discharge through the vagina of a bloody secretion containing tissue debris from the shedding of the endometrium from the nonpregnant uterus

Multigravida

A woman who has been pregnant more than once

Myometrium

The muscular layer of the wall of the uterus

Nullipara

A woman who has not given birth to a viable infant

ovary

One of the paired female gonads found on each side of the lower abdomen, beside the uterus

Ovulation

Expulsion of an ovum from the ovary on spontaneous rupture of a mature follicle

Ovum

The secondary oocyte (female germ cell) extruded from the ovary at ovulation

Parturition

The process of giving birth

Perineum

The region between the thighs, bounded in the male by the scrotum and anus and in the female by the vulva and anus

Placenta

A highly vascular fetal organ that exchanges with the maternal circulation, mainly by diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances

Primigravida

A woman who is pregnant for the first time