Period 7 Review

Which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1938 and 1942 on the chart above?

A

The illness and death of unemployed workers

B

A redefinition of unemployment by the United States Census Bureau

C

Legislation of the second New Deal

D

Industrial mobilization related to the Second World War

E

A global economic boom following the Great Depression

D

Which of the following best explains an effect of the events described in the excerpt?

A

African Americans increasingly moved away from urban areas.

B

New forms of expression emerged in African American art and culture.

C

Support by African Americans for New Deal policies declined.

D

African American socioeconomic standing improved overall.

D

Which of the following best explains how actions such as those described in the excerpt affected wartime mobilization?

A

Many women experienced new economic and social opportunities.

B

The economic crisis deepened as a result of military spending.

C

Immigration declined because of improving unemployment rates.

D

The public widely rejected the internment of Japanese Americans.

A

Which of the following best explains a result of the developments described in the excerpt?

A

African Americans entered the military because they could not find employment owing to the Great Depression.

B

Many African American men preferred to remain as sharecroppers rather than enlist in the military.

C

New employment opportunities opened up for African Americans in industrial and defense industries.

D

The United States government allowed African American enlistment only after the attack on Pearl Harbor.

C

The 1920s photograph above illustrates a production process that led to

A

government ownership of the automobile industry

B

the promotion of individual craftsmanship and pride among workers and artisans

C

lower prices and greater availability for mass-produced consumer goods

D

the establishment of training and educational requirements for workers

E

a sharp drop in labor union membership due to high employee satisfaction

C

The principles on human rights articulated by President Bush are most similar to

A

the ideas expressed by President George Washington in his 1796 Farewell Address

B

President James K. Polk's support for Manifest Destiny in the 1840s

C

the ideas expressed by President Woodrow Wilson during and after the First World War

D

President Ronald Reagan's support for reinvigoration of anticommunism in the 1980s

C

The development depicted in the excerpt had most in common with which of the following earlier developments?

A

The passage of land reforms during the Civil War

B

The expansion of the telegraph system during the Gilded Age

C

The enactment of moral reform legislation during the Progressive Era

D

The efforts to mobilize popular support for the First World War

B

The excerpt best reflects which of the following changes to United States society compared to previous periods?

A

The decline of segregationist policies in public spaces

B

The resistance to labor organization by corporations

C

The growth of a consumer culture that emphasized leisure time

D

The increased importance of defense industries after the First World War

C

Which of the following best explains a long-term result of the development depicted in the excerpt?

A

New labor demands resulted in fewer people working in agriculture.

B

New types of art emerged within urban African American communities.

C

New prosperity brought working-class citizens into the middle class.

D

New forms of mass media contributed to the spread of national culture.

D

Which of the following contexts helps to explain the debate in which La Follette was participating in the excerpt?

A

Some Americans opposed the launching of imperial ventures for overseas colonies.

B

International conflict led to disagreements over the role of the United States in the world.

C

The earlier military victory in the Spanish-American War made the United States a leading global superpower.

D

The repeated episodes of economic crisis caused by credit and market instability limited United States international influence.

B

A limitation of the excerpt as evidence of the reasons for United States entry into the First World War was that it

A

expressed opposition to war with Germany

B

was given by an influential political leader

C

asserted that Germans supported the war

D

was delivered during the war declaration debates

A

Which of the following can best be concluded about United States involvement in the First World War based on the point of view expressed in the excerpt?

A

Americans did not assert rights of neutrality early in the war.

B

The vast majority of popular opinion was in favor of declaring war.

C

Joining the war was a departure from the traditional foreign policy of nonintervention.

D

Cultural connections made Americans sympathetic toward the Allied Powers.

C

The point of view in the excerpt best supports which of the following historical arguments about United States involvement in the First World War before 1917 ?

A

Great Britain was defending humanitarian ideals shared with the United States.

B

The actions of Germany promoted the democratic principles of the United States.

C

United States policies favorable to Great Britain undercut American neutrality.

D

German attacks on American ships justified a United States military response.

C

Which of the following contributed to Hubert's criticism in the excerpt of White Americans who visited Harlem in the 1920s?

A

The inability of African American artists to influence popular culture

B

Ongoing public debates over how to improve race relations

C

Opposition to recruiting African American soldiers for the United States Army

D

Racial restrictions on the freedom of speech imposed during the First World War

B

The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments by the 1920s?

A

The growing similarity of rural and urban African American culture

B

The decline in racial violence against African Americans

C

The rise of African American civil rights advocacy organizations in the North

D

The movement of African Americans during the Great Migration

D

Which of the following best explains a context for the development depicted in the excerpt?

A

African American sharecropping led to the creation of a new southern regional identity.

B

African American painters created works to advocate against fascist ideologies.

C

Urban centers provided African Americans with opportunities for artistic expression.

D

Market instability caused African Americans to seek work as writers.

C

People who shared Crocker's ideas at the time most typically sought to achieve their goals by

A

proposing the use of new technologies to reduce pollution

B

seeking partnerships with business leaders to manage emissions

C

promoting federal legislation to protect the environment

D

creating alliances with politicians to promote sustainable farming

C

Based on the excerpt, Marion Crocker was most likely

A

a Progressive Era reformer

B

an advocate for an expansion of the New Deal

C

an advocate for African American civil rights

D

a member of the Populist Party

A

The ideas expressed in Garvey's declaration drew the most significant support from which of the following?

A

Presidents favoring colonization efforts

B

Participants in the Great Migration

C

Urban Progressive reformers

D

Former slaves

B

Which of the following later movements held ideas closest to those expressed by Garvey in the excerpt?

A

A. Philip Randolph's organizing of Black railroad workers into the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

B

Thurgood Marshall and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's legal efforts to desegregate schools in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

C

Martin Luther King, Jr.'s, efforts to win equal rights for African Americans through nonviolent civil disobedience

D

Malcolm X's Black nationalism emphasizing racial pride and economic self-sufficiency

D

Which of the following most plausibly influenced Garvey's argument in the excerpt?

A

The emerging support for United States intervention in the affairs of Asia and Latin America

B

Calls for integration of the United States armed forces

C

New cultural expressions that emerged from the Harlem Renaissance

D

The concept of self-determination debated at the Treaty of Versailles peace talks

D

Which of the following best describes the relationship of ideas such as those in the excerpt to the broader Progressive reform movement of the era?

A

The ideas in the excerpt were adopted widely by Progressive reformers as worthy objectives.

B

Progressive presidents supported the ideas in the excerpt while social reformers tended to reject them.

C

State laws addressing Progressive reform issues tended to incorporate ideas like those in the excerpt.

D

The ideas in the excerpt challenged the racial stereotypes held by many White Progressive reformers.

D

The ideas expressed in the excerpt most directly contributed to the

A

emergence of organizations pursuing equality for African Americans

B

large-scale African American migration to northern cities

C

expansion of legal segregation by the Supreme Court

D

persistence of economic discrimination based on race

A

During the Great Depression, "Hoovervilles" were

A

government relocation camps for indigent workers

B

model communities established by the Hoover administration

C

shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people

D

soup kitchens financed under New Deal legislation

E

work projects established by the Hoover administration to revitalize the economy

C

Based on the map above, which of the following is the most accurate statement about the 1948 presidential election?

A

Republicans had great success in California and the Pacific Northwest.

B

The Democratic Party derived the majority of its support from the solid South in the 1948 election.

C

The Republican Party had ended its long streak of electoral failures in the former Confederate states by 1948.

D

Support for the Republican Party was concentrated in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain states.

E

The New Deal coalition that had elected Franklin D. Roosevelt four times had begun to weaken by 1948.

E

Which of the following developments best represents a logical extension of the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

A

The rise of big business in the Gilded Age

B

The expansion of participatory democracy in the Progressive Era

C

The rise of Social Darwinism in the late nineteenth century

D

The increasing support for the annexation of overseas territories

B

Which of the following best explains Lodge's point of view on markets in the excerpt?

A

Many Americans believed that acquiring island territories would encourage economic development.

B

Republican business leaders lobbied for imperial expansion to provide locations for new factories.

C

Political leaders claimed that the lives of Native Americans could be improved if they moved to new overseas colonies.

D

Democrats argued that the United States should focus on domestic economic development over international trade.

AWhich of the following explains the historical situation that led Lodge to deliver the speech in the excerpt?

A

The United States came to control new colonial possessions after the Spanish-American War.

B

The United States negotiated territorial exchanges with Germany to end the First World War.

C

The United States invaded Pacific islands as a means to defeat Japan in the Second World War.

D

The United States sought continued employment overseas for veterans of wars with Native Americans.

Which of the following explains the historical situation that led Lodge to deliver the speech in the excerpt?

A

The United States came to control new colonial possessions after the Spanish-American War.

B

The United States negotiated territorial exchanges with Germany to end the First World War.

C

The United States invaded Pacific islands as a means to defeat Japan in the Second World War.

D

The United States sought continued employment overseas for veterans of wars with Native Americans.

A

Which of the following best explains the historical situation that caused opponents of Lodge to call arguments such as the ones in the excerpt "sordid"?

A

Many Americans asserted that the Philippines should become a state.

B

Many Filipinos joined a nationalist movement seeking independence from the United States.

C

Many reformers asserted the racial equality of Filipinos and White Americans.

D

Many manufacturers claimed that expanded trade with eastern Asia was undesirable.

B

Roosevelt's speech was most likely intended to increase public support for

A

extending New Deal programs to guarantee unemployment benefits

B

integrating the United States armed forces

C

aiding the Allies in Europe during the Second World War

D

enhancing rights protected by the United States Constitution

C

The cartoon above portrays President Wilson trying to

A

conceal from the public the true reason for United States entry into the First World War

B

arouse public support for United States entry into the First World War

C

assess the public's support of his bid for a third presidential term

D

warn the public that Germany had not been treated fairly at Versailles

E

arouse public support for the Treaty of Versailles

E

Which of the following arguments could best be supported by the purpose of the excerpt?

A

Urbanization led to the transformation of the natural landscape in every part of the country.

B

Industrialization resulted in the use of fewer raw materials because of efficient production.

C

Reformers encouraged the more active protection of natural resources.

D

Wartime mobilization contributed to the use of national parks for military purposes.

C

The excerpt could best be used to explain the significance of which of the following historical situations?

A

The impact of segregation in the South

B

The result of federal policies toward American Indian nations

C

The role of journalism in reform movements

D

The challenges faced by immigrants settling in the West

C

Which of the following arguments about Progressives could Muir's point of view best be used to support?

A

They were advocates for the control of natural resources by corporations rather than the government.

B

They were supportive of federal regulation of the economy in order to limit the impact of industrialization.

C

They were concerned that suburbanization was causing metropolitan areas to expand too rapidly.

D

They were focused on ensuring the health of people rather than increasing the quality of the environment.

B

The ideas expressed in the excerpt are best situated within which of the following broader historical contexts?

A

The enactment of reforms meant to address issues of unemployment and economic growth

B

The response to innovations in technology that contributed to the growth of mass culture

C

The result of efforts to expand United States control of territories in the Pacific and East Asia

D

The impact of the transition of the United States from an agricultural to an industrial economy

D

The ideology that supported the trend depicted in the map is most similar to the ideology that supported which of the following?

A

Opposition to the international slave trade

B

Involvement in the Spanish-American War

C

Participation in the First World War

D

Isolationism prior to the Second World War

B

Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt?

A

The development of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society

B

The emergence of the Populist Party's efforts to increase the role of government in the economy

C

The election of large numbers of women to political offices

D

The increased participation of women in factory work

A

The increased culture of consumerism during the 1950s was most similar to developments in which of the following earlier periods?

A

The 1840s

B

The 1860s

C

The 1910s

D

The 1920s

D

Which of the following contexts most directly contributed to the trend in immigration described in the first paragraph of the excerpt?

A

The passage of Progressive Era reforms that expanded participatory democracy

B

The enactment of laws to preserve territory and protect natural resources from development

C

The establishment of overseas colonies following the Spanish-American War

D

The continued transition of the United States from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy

D

Which of the following most directly refutes the argument presented in the third paragraph of the excerpt?

A

Nativist campaigns led to the passage of quotas that restricted immigration from Europe and Asia.

B

Racial violence and segregation contributed to a Great Migration during and after the First World War.

C

New forms of mass media contributed to greater awareness of regional and international cultures.

D

Controversies emerged over the roles of science and religion in United States culture and education.

A

Which of the following evidence best supports the claims made in the excerpt?

A

Progressive reformers disagreed about immigration restrictions.

B

Immigration from Europe peaked in the early decades of the twentieth century.

C

Migration of African Americans gave rise to new forms of art and literature that expressed ethnic identities.

D

Urban political machines thrived by providing immigrants with social services and employment in exchange for votes.

B

The excerpt best serves as evidence in support of which of the following arguments about the home front during and after the First World War?

A

African Americans who moved to cities of the North and West encountered discrimination.

B

Middle-class reformers sought to improve living and working conditions for the urban working classes.

C

The United States departed from its foreign policy of noninvolvement in order to defend democracy.

D

Increased anxieties about political radicalism led to restrictions on the freedom of speech.

D

The trend depicted in the graph most directly contributed to which of the following developments after 1920 ?

A

A decline in internal migration

B

Federal efforts to return Mexican immigrants to their homeland

C

Restrictions on immigration from eastern and southern Europe

D

Total exclusion of immigration from China

Related Content & Skills

C

Which of the following best explains a conclusion about United States foreign policy in the early 1900s supported by the point of view expressed in the excerpt?

A

Americans supported the goals of nationalists in the Philippines.

B

Americans expressed little opposition to acquiring new colonial possessions.

C

Political leaders usually did not consider the economic effects of overseas ventures.

D

Political leaders continued to promote the earlier idea of predestined national expansion.

D

The speech's point of view can best be used to support which of the following historical arguments about the early 1900s?

A

Most Americans believed that the United States should continue an isolationist foreign policy.

B

Most Americans asserted that American Indians were unjustly harmed by federal policy toward them.

C

Some Americans advocated economic development of overseas countries in order to justify imperialism.

D

Some Americans appealed to racial theories in order to oppose efforts to acquire new territorial possessions.

C

Which of the following is a limitation of using the excerpt to study the long-term influences on United States involvement overseas in the early 1900s?

A

The speech was delivered by Roosevelt at a local state gathering

B

The speech was given during the period when this development occurred

C

The speech expressed support for westward expansion in North America

D

The speech expressed a desire to alter the cultures of American Indians

B

In its report for 1890, the United States Census Bureau indicated that

A

industrialization was closing the gap in wealth between rich and poor

B

the United States had more Catholics than Protestants

C

the American frontier could no longer be distinguished from settled areas

D

infant mortality was no longer a serious problem

E

Boston was the second largest city in the United States

C

The poster above advertising a 1913 labor union pageant was designed to do which of the following?

A

Promote the idea that labor unions exist primarily for the purpose of supporting the arts

B

Warn the community about the union's communist connections

C

Portray the strikers as the heroic champions of workers and ordinary people

D

Intimidate citizens into supporting a powerful labor movement

E

Advocate employment for striking workers

C

The purpose of the Liberty Loan Campaign illustrated in the drawing above was to

A

encourage young men to enlist in the army

B

finance American involvement in the First World War

C

support the establishment of Boy Scout troops throughout the nation

D

aid in the implementation of New Deal programs

E

support funding for Franklin Roosevelt's Lend-Lease program

B

The purpose of the excerpt is best explained as promoting which of the following?

A

Withdrawing United States military support from China before the end of the Second World War

B

Encouraging the Chinese government to invade the Soviet Union after the Second World War

C

Forming a military alliance with the communists before the end of the Second World War

D

Negotiating a peaceful settlement in China to limit Soviet influence after the Second World War

D

The excerpt's point of view best explains the issues in which of the following?

A

Arguments regarding whether to use atomic weaponry against Japan

B

Debates about how to address the consequences of the war in the Pacific

C

Campaigns to encourage women to work in defense industries

D

Controversies over alleged communist infiltration of the United States government

B

The excerpt could best be used by historians to explain which of the following historical situations?

A

Attempts by the United States to use its power to influence postwar peace settlements

B

Challenges to the economic influence of the United States as a result of the Second World War

C

Resistance to treaties between the United States and Asian nations by European colonial powers

D

Rejection of international engagement by isolationists in the United States government

A

Most Progressives sought all of the following EXCEPT the

A

democratization of the political structure

B

reformation of children's labor laws

C

expansion of women's rights

D

legislative creation of socialist commonwealth

E

application of "scientific methods" to solve social problems

D

The political climate during McCarthy's era had the most in common with which of the following?

A

The efforts to limit immigrants' political and economic power in the 1840s and 1850s

B

The attacks on radicals and immigrants following the First World War

C

The isolationism in United States foreign policy during the 1930s

D

The decline in public confidence and trust in government in the 1970s

B

Of the following, the most important cause of the Great Depression was

A

soaring energy costs

B

serious dislocation in international trade

C

European abandonment of the gold standard

D

confiscatory social security taxes

E

excessive government spending

B

The Great Depression-era photograph above was taken with the goal of

A

generating congressional support for the Wagner Act

B

protesting the federal government's refusal to provide aid for victims of natural disasters

C

winning approval of a federal program that would distribute land and agricultural equipment to impoverished farmers

D

publicizing the plight of migrant farmworkers and their families

E

promoting enrollment in the new Medicaid program

D

The ideas of the Populist Party, as expressed in the excerpt, had the most in common with the ideas of the

A

Federalists in the 1790s

B

Progressive movement

C

Whigs in the 1830s

D

Civil Rights movement

B

The federal government most enhanced its legal authority to address threats considered a clear and present danger during which of the following later periods?

A

In the 1970s, following antiwar protests against United States involvement in Vietnam

B

In the 1980s, following the renewed United States concerns over the Soviet threat

C

In the 1990s, following United States military interventions in Somalia

D

In the 2000s, following the terrorist attacks in the United States

D

The Schenck case emerged most directly from the context of which of the following?

A

Critiques by radicals of United States foreign policy

B

African American migration from the rural South to the urban North

C

Challenges by women to their prescribed status in society

D

Nativist resistance to migration from abroad

A

The restrictions imposed by the Schenck decision most directly contradicted which of the following earlier developments in the United States?

A

Arguments for self-government asserted in the Declaration of Independence

B

Protection of liberties through the adoption of the Bill of Rights in 1791

C

Assertion of federal power over states' rights in the 1819 McCulloch v. Maryland decision

D

Expansion of voting rights during President Andrew Jackson's administration

B

Which of the following best characterizes the stance of the writers associated with the literary flowering of the 1920s, such as Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald?

A

Sympathy for Protestant fundamentalism

B

Nostalgia for the "good old days"

C

Commitment to the cause of racial equality

D

Advocacy of cultural isolationism

E

Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism

E

The economy described in the speech is most similar to the economy in which of the following decades?

A

1910s

B

1930s

C

1950s

D

1960s

B

Which of the following movements expressed ideas most similar to the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

A

Abolitionism in the 1830s and 1840s

B

Nativism in the 1840s and 1850s

C

Populism in the 1890s and early 1900s

D

The counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s

C

Which of the following was the most direct effect of conditions such as those described in the excerpt?

A

Internal migration in search of better economic opportunities

B

Earlier marriages and an increase in family size

C

A middle-class movement to the suburbs

D

Conservative opposition to an increased government role in the economy

A

Situations such as those described in the excerpt were most directly addressed by

A

Progressive Era reforms

B

First World War economic production

C

New Deal government programs

D

Great Society efforts to end poverty

C

Which of the following groups of people would have been most likely to oppose Taylor's management ideas?

A

Tenant farmers

B

Owners of large businesses

C

Factory workers

D

White-collar professionals

C

Taylor's ideas expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly in response to which of the following developments in the United States?

A

The need for rebuilding infrastructure after the Civil War

B

The rise of industrial capitalism

C

An increase in the standard of living

D

Excessive government regulation of business

B

The quote above is an interpretation of the

A

Truman Doctrine

B

Monroe Doctrine

C

Open Door policy

D

Good Neighbor policy

E

Alliance for Progress

B

Which of the following messages did the United States government most likely intend to impart in the Second World War poster pictured above?

A

Promotion of union membership for workers in war industries

B

Encouragement of greater acceptance of African American workers in wartime industrial jobs

C

Celebration of the United States policy of racial integration in the armed forces

D

Response to criticism that corporate profiteering undermined United States war efforts

E

Counterpoint to the Rosie the Riveter image by showing that men, as well as women, worked in war industries

B

The statement above was most probably made in reference to United States policy in the

A

opening of Japan

B

annexation of the Hawaiian Islands

C

occupation of the Philippines

D

acquisition of Puerto Rico and Cuba

E

confrontation with the Soviet Union over Cuba

C

Woodrow Wilson hardened Senate opposition to the Treaty of Versailles by his refusal to compromise on the issue of

A

reparations limited to the amount Germany could afford to pay

B

plebiscites to determine the new borders of Germany

C

the border between Italy and Yugoslavia

D

protectorate status for African colonies seized from Germany

E

the unconditional adherence of the United States to the charter of the League of Nations

E

Woodrow Wilson's statement above was made in justification of his

A

decision to send troops to northern Russia and Siberia after the Bolshevik Revolution

B

refusal to award Fiume to the Italians

C

insistence on "open treaties, openly arrived at"

D

opposition to the resolution on racial equality put forward at the Paris peace negotiations by the Japanese delegation

E

refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

E

All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT

A

the continued efforts of the Anti-Saloon League

B

the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition

C

the Progressive belief in social reform

D

the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws

E

the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents

E

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to

A

racially integrated residential neighborhoods in Northern cities

B

increased educational opportunities resulting from affirmative-action programs

C

recruitment efforts by labor unions

D

expanded job opportunities in Northern factories

E

encouragement by White Protestant churches in the North

D

During the 1930s Black voters overwhelmingly switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party because

A

Black Americans benefited from some New Deal economic policies

B

the Ku Klux Klan was gaining power within the Republican Party

C

President Roosevelt actively pursued race reform

D

southern Democrats widely favored abolishing the poll tax

E

the Democrats promised to end Prohibition

A

In the period 1890-1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT:

A

Voting rights previously gained were denied through changes in state laws and constitutions.

B

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) endorsed the Back-to-Africa movement.

C

African American leaders disagreed on the principal strategy for attaining equal rights.

D

Numerous African Americans were lynched, and mob attacks on African American individuals occurred in both the North and the South.

E

African Americans from the rural South migrated to both southern and northern cities.

B

The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to

A

ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers

B

provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor

C

reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress

D

expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers

E

raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production

E

The American home front in the Second World War is best described as

A

politically divided over the wisdom of the American war effort

B

unaffected by ethnic and racial tensions

C

economically invigorated by military spending

D

rededicated to the reform efforts of the New Deal

E

demoralized by food shortages

C

American participation in the Second World War had which of the following major effects on the home front?

A

A movement of women into factory work

B

The breakdown of racial segregation in the South

C

The growth of isolationism in the Midwest

D

The introduction of a system of national health insurance

E

A decline in farm income

A

In the late nineteenth century, all of the following encouraged American jingoism EXCEPT

A

yellow journalism

B

the New Navy policy of Alfred Thayer Mahan and Theodore Roosevelt

C

the example of European imperialism

D

the flooding of American markets by foreign producers

E

Social Darwinism

D

Which of the following is true of American women during the Second World War?

A

They initiated a visible and highly vocal feminist movement.

B

They married younger and had more children than women did before or after the war.

C

Those who took industrial jobs learned new skills and earned better pay than in jobs previously open to them.

D

They organized labor unions and led strikes demanding better working conditions.

E

Aside from participating in rationing programs, women contributed little to the war effort.

C

American writers of the 1920's have often been called the "lost generation" because they

A

found it difficult to get their work published

B

were disillusioned with the course of American life

C

failed to achieve fame in their lifetimes

D

were politically radical in a conservative era

E

preferred to write for a European rather than an American audience

B

Which of the following has been viewed by some historians as an indication of strong anti-Catholic sentiment in the presidential election of 1928?

A

The increased political activity of the Ku Klux Klan

B

The failure of the farm bloc to go to the polls

C

Alfred E. Smith's choice of Arkansas senator Joseph T. Robinson as his running mate

D

Alfred E. Smith's failure to carry a solidly Democratic South

E

Herbert Hoover's use of "rugged individualism" as his campaign slogan

D

Many anti-imperialists opposed the annexation of the Philippines in 1898 because they believed that

A

the Philippines should be returned to Spain

B

United States colonialism in the Philippines was incompatible with the American belief in self-determination

C

Philippine agriculture would be competing with United States agriculture

D

the Philippine government was planning an alliance with Mexico

E

the United States would be drawn into a war with Japan over Pacific territories

B

All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to

A

block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States

B

keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan

C

save American lives

D

demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union

E

force the unconditional surrender of Japan

A

The bracero program encouraged

A

Mexican workers to come to the United States as temporary laborers from the 1940s to the 1960s

B

federal courts to protect the civil rights of Mexican Americans in the 1960s

C

the United States media to broadcast Latino music and movies in the 1980s

D

Congress to enact more restrictive immigration laws in the 1990s

E

Latino immigrants to pursue United States citizenship

A

Which of the following correctly describes the Committee on Public Information?

A

It was the first organization to oppose legalizing abortion.

B

It was a business lobby against Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.

C

It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War.

D

It was the effort led by Samuel Adams to rally colonists against British taxes.

E

It was an antislavery group that formed after the Compromise of 1850.

C

The Congress of Industrial Organizations was most interested in unionizing which of the following?

A

Migrant farmworkers

B

White-collar factory managers

C

Unskilled and semiskilled factory workers

D

Sailors on American merchant ships

E

Women clerical workers

C

Conscription policies in the First and Second World Wars differed significantly in that in the Second World War

A

African Americans were drafted into integrated units

B

conscientious objectors were not officially recognized

C

the draft began before the United States entered the conflict

D

the draft was administered at the regional and federal levels by the armed forces

E

exemptions were offered for a range of war-related occupations

C

Which of the following best characterizes the conservationist approach to the environment that emerged in the Progressive Era?

A

Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use

B

Use of federal money to clean up polluted industrial sites

C

Passage of legislation banning the use of pesticides in agriculture

D

Passage of legislation to ensure clean air and waterways

E

Preservation of both land and wildlife in pristine condition

A

Around 1920, the number of children aged 10 to 15 in the industrial workforce began to decline for which of the following reasons?

A

The Supreme Court sustained laws barring the interstate sale of goods produced by child labor.

B

Introduction of the minimum wage made child labor uneconomical.

C

The American birth rate declined, thus reducing the number of children available to work.

D

Factory owners advocated state child labor laws.

E

States began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed.

E

Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War?

A

Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain

B

Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims

C

Acquisition of the Philippine Islands

D

Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control

E

Increases in the size of the army and navy

C

What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s?

A

There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War.

B

Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States.

C

A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants.

D

Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating.

E

The United States passed the National Origins Act.

E

The declaration above was made by

A

Louis D. Brandeis

B

William Howard Taft

C

A. Mitchell Palmer

D

Theodore Roosevelt

E

Robert M. La Follette

C

The establishment of a stronger economic regulatory system during the Great Depression most closely reflected a continuity with which of the following?

A

Efforts to fund internal improvements during the Early Republic

B

Efforts to expand the influence of unionized labor during the Gilded Age

C

Efforts to restrict the excesses of corporations during the Progressive Era

D

Efforts to encourage women to enter the workforce during the Second World War

C

W. E. B. Du Bois differed in philosophy from Booker T. Washington in that Du Bois believed

A

African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality

B

economic success would lead to political equality

C

job training was ultimately more important than formal education

D

civil rights would come through local efforts rather than national organization

E

segregation was a southern problem more than a national one

A

The flappers of the 1920's challenged traditional American attitudes about women by supporting

A

a federal birth control and abortion rights protection law

B

gender equality in salaries

C

an equal rights amendement

D

greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior

E

a federal law to establish prenatal clinics in rural areas

D

Between 1890 and 1910, the United States most strongly pursued a foreign policy promoting

A

isolationism in world affairs

B

close military alliances with Great Britain and France

C

a sphere of influence in Africa

D

commercial involvement in both Latin America and eastern Asia

E

a campaign to slow the spread of socialism in eastern Europe

D

In the 1930's, the movement led by Dr. Francis Townsend contributed to congressional approval of a law

A

insuring the bank deposits of consumers

B

securing federal protection of labor union organizers

C

providing larger federal subsidies to farmers

D

implementing a federal program of old-age benefits

E

protecting ethnic minorities form discrimination

D

In 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover disagreed most strongly about the desirability of

A

a balanced federal budget

B

farm price supports

C

federal aid to corporations

D

a program of public works

E

federal relief to individuals

E