Abeka 8th grade Science Semester Exam (Test 6) 2019

Crevasses

What are the deep cracks or fissures that develop on the surface of a glacier?

Water

What is the main agent of chemical weathering?

Theistic evolution

What idea attempt to reconcile the Bible and evolution by claiming that God used evolution as a method of creation?

Anomaly

What term refers to a fossil organism found in strata that are supposedly too old or too young to contain that organism?

Terracing

What is the process of modifying a smooth slope into a series of level, stair-like steps to prevent erosion?

Polystrate fossil

What term describes a fossil that extends through multiple strata?

Kettles

What are large holes formed when huge chunks of melting glacial ice lodged in washed-out sediments?

Levees

What are the natural ridges formed when water flow causes sediments to drop along the edge of a river's channel?

Cro-Magnon man

Which of the following was thought to be a missing link in mans evolution but was later found to be the remains of a modern human?

Star dune

What type of dude looks like a pyramid with several out-reaching arms?

Flood

Based on biblical teachings, what event was probably directly responsible for laying down most of earth's sedimentary rock layers?

Seymouria

Which of the following is supposed be a missing link between amphibians and reptiles?

Karst regions

What are regions of the earth's surface that lime stone is exposed and abundant?

Radiometric dating

What technique do evolutionist used to assign supposedly exact ages to rocks and fossils?

Strip-cropping

What method of erosion prevention involves planting alternating strips of different types of crops?

Surf

The mass of foaming water formed when waves wash up onto a beach is the what?

Load

The material carried by a stream is it what?

Mantle

The middle layer of the earth, between the crust and core, is the what?

Salinity

The two main factors that determine the density of seawater are temperature and what?

Metamorphic rock

Rocks formed when other types of rocks are "cooked" by heat and pressure are called what?

Sonar

The device that uses underwater sound waves to determine the size, distance, and direction of objects is what?

Uniformity

The idea that the natural laws in operation today have existed throughout Earth's history is the principle of what?

Turbidity current

What type of current is made of seawater mixed with mud or silt and can erode the oceans floor to produce submarine canyons?

ROV

What oceanographic tool is a highly maneuverable robot linked to a support ship by cables?

Sodium chloride

What substance makes up most of the salt in the ocean?

Hadal zone

What is an area of the sea that exceeds 6000m in depth called?

Tsunamis

What are large waves created by underwater disturbances called?

Profiling float

What oceanographic tool charts current far beneath the surface and sends them accurate measurements of those current and water properties?

Trench

What is a huge, muddy valley that cuts into the deep ocean floor?

Atoll

What is a circular coral-reef island that grows around an underwater volcano?

Natural color

What is the main factor that affects the color of the oceans?

Icebergs are less dense that seawater

Why can icebergs float in seawater?

Rift

What type of underwater valley gives mid-ocean ridges the appearance of having twin mountain ranges?

Upwelling

What is the upward-flowing current that occurs when a land breeze pushes surface water away from the coast?

Expendable bathythermograph

What device do oceanographers used to measure the temperature at different levels and report them back to a surface ship?

Gravity corer

What device has an open tube that is dropped to the seafloor allowing its weight to puncture sediment and bring up sediment samples?

Breaker

What is a wave that grows taller and steeper as it travels to shore and topples forward with a white crest called?

Gyres

What are the circular paths that ocean currents move in called?

Exfoliation

What type of weathering involve the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers?

Challenger Deep

What is the deepest known point in the sea?

Cranial capacity

What is the scientific term for the volume of the portion of the school that includes the brain?

Soil creep

What is a very slow downslope movement of soil and rock fragments?

Diurnal (tide)

What type of tide occurs when there is one high tide and one low tide each day?

Topsoil

What is the top layer of soil, which contains most of the organic substances and nutrients, called?

Natural selection

What ideas states that the fittest and strongest organisms are most likely to survive and reproduce?

Obsidian

What well-known amorphous igneous rock has a glass-like texture and splits to form sharp edges?

Silicates

What is the largest group of minerals, which composed over 90% of the earth's crust?

Composite volcano

What type of volcano is made of alternating layers of lava and ash?

Thrust fault

What type of fault occurs when rocks on one side of a farm are shoved on top of the rocks on the other side of the fault?

Repeatability

What is the ability to duplicate an experiment several times while keeping all factors as similar as possible between experiments and coming to the same conclusion?

Modified Mercalli scale

What method of measuring an earthquake's strength is based on the earthquake's effect on people and structures?

Sapphire

What gemstone consist of corundum with traces of iron or titanium thing give it a distinct blue color?

Conglomerate rock

What type of rock consist of smooth pebbles embedded in hardened sand or clay?

Aftershocks

What are weaker earthquakes that often follow an earthquake at frequent intervals for days or months?

Uranium

Which of the following metals is used as a fuel for nuclear reactors?

True

A submersible consisting of a crew compartment suspended from a float is called BATHYSCAPHE

Luster

The way light is reflected from the surface of a mineral is called CLEAVAGE

True

Hills that form when advancing glaciers overrun old piles of till are called DRUMLINES

Dependent

In an experiment, a variable observed to determine the results is a CONTROLLED variable

True

Fossils used by evolutionists to date rock layers are called INDEX fossils

True

Oceanographers usually measure hydrostatic pressure in the metric unit KILOPASCALS

Continental slope

At the end of the sandy, underwater plane that borders the land, a sharp drop-off marks the beginning of the CONTINENTAL SHELF

Rip currents

The dangerous current form when large amounts of water from waves search out to see through a break in the Sand bar are called UNDERTOWS

Uniformitarianism

The idea about understanding modern geological processes is the key to understanding earth's geological history is known as NEO-CATASTROPHISM

Spring tide, because the moon, earth, and sun are in line

A person is walking on the beach at night by the light of the full moon. Is this tide a spring tide or a neap tide? How do you know?

The area is formed by deposits of minerals and sediments

The Nile river, especially the area around the river fan-shaped now, is known as one of the most fertile areas in the entire world. Why would the area around the river's mouth be the most fruitful part of the river?

Sound waves produced by surface ships are reflected off the thermocline

The boundary between two water layers with different densities will affect the movement of sound waves. If sound waves traveling in the lower-density layer hit the boundary add a shallow angle, they will be reflected off the boundary instead of traveling into the higher-density layer. Why can submarines use this back to avoid being detected by sound waves?

These organisms should have evolved at the same rate as other organisms

The coelacanth is a fish that shows practically no difference between fossils (supposedly millions years old) and living specimens. Why do the coelacanth and organisms like it pose a problem for evolution?

Because plates are spreading apart at the mid-Atlantic Ridge, magnum is closer to the surface

Iceland is known for its many hot springs and volcanoes. Why would this be expected based on Iceland's location on the mid-Atlantic Ridge?

The California Current cools Santa Cruz, but the Gulf Steam warmsNewport News

The California current flows south along the coast of California. During June through August, the city of Santa Cruz, on the California coast, has average high temperatures of about 23°C. They're in the same month, Newport News Virginia at about the same latitude on the U.S. East Coast, has average high temperatures of about 31°C which of the following is a likely reason why Newport News is warmer than Santa Cruz during the summer?