Aspirin and NSAIDs Pharmacology

Flashcards covering key pharmacology concepts related to various medications, primarily focusing on analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Aspirin's Therapeutic Classification is __.

Non-narcotic analgesic, Antipyretic, Antiplatelet

The Pharmacologic Classification of Aspirin is __.

NSAID

Aspirin is indicated for and .

Mild to moderate intensity pain, inflammation, and fever

Aspirin reduces __ synthesis as its Mechanism of Action.

prostaglandin

Aspirin can be administered via and routes.

oral, rectal

Aspirin is absorbed at __% and is not susceptible to __ metabolism.

80 - 100%, first pass

Aspirin crosses the placenta and is __% bound to plasma protein.

80-90%

Aspirin is primarily metabolized in the __.

hepatic

The primary route of excretion for Aspirin is __.

renal

Aspirin's onset of action is within __ minutes for PO administration.

5-30

The duration of action for PO Aspirin is to hours.

1-4

Common adverse effects of Aspirin include irritation, __, nausea, and diarrhea.

heartburn

Serious adverse effects of Aspirin include bronchospasm, edema, and .

laryngeal, anaphylaxis

Aspirin can cause __, hemolytic anemia, and occult bleeding.

thrombocytopenia

Some rare toxicities associated with Aspirin include and .

Nephrotoxic effects, hepatotoxicity

Unique effects of high dose Aspirin include and loss.

Tinnitus, hearing

Aspirin is contraindicated in patients with a history of and chronic .

GI bleeding, rhinitis

The pregnancy category for Aspirin is in the first and second trimester and in the third.

C, D

Children and teens with fever or flu-like illnesses should avoid Aspirin due to the risk of __ syndrome.

Reye's

Patients over __ should not receive Aspirin.

60

Drug interactions with Aspirin include increased toxicity with and .

other salicylates, acetaminophen

Alcohol consumption of three or more beverages a day increases the risk of __ with Aspirin.

GI ulcers

Caffeine __ Aspirin's absorption.

increases

The management of an Aspirin overdose may include emesis, gastric lavage, and __.

hemodialysis

Ibuprofen is classified as an __, anti-inflammatory drug, and antipyretic.

analgesic

Ibuprofen also reduces __ synthesis as its Mechanism of Action.

prostaglandin

Common uses for Ibuprofen include relief of fever, mild to moderate pain, and conditions such as and .

RA, OA

Ibuprofen is absorbed at __% and has a duration of action of __ to __ hours.

80, 6-8

Serious adverse effects of Ibuprofen include __ edema and a black box warning for fatal cardiovascular events.

peripheral

Ibuprofen is contraindicated in patients with and abnormalities.

allergy, bleeding

Ibuprofen is categorized as __ during the third trimester of pregnancy.

D

Drug interactions with Ibuprofen increase the toxicity for drugs like and .

digoxin, lithium

Herbal interactions with Ibuprofen include an increased risk of bleeding with __, garlic, ginger, and ginkgo.

feverfew

The management for Ibuprofen overdose includes activated __ and nasogastric suction.

charcoal

Celebrex is known as a COX-2 __ and also classified as an NSAID.

inhibitor

Celebrex is used for mild to moderate pain and __.

inflammation

Celebrex selectively inhibits __, reducing prostaglandin synthesis.

COX-2

The distribution of Celebrex is __% protein bound.

97

Its primary metabolism occurs in the liver at __.

CYP2C9

The common adverse effects of Celebrex include GI-related symptoms such as diarrhea and __.

dyspepsia

Celebrex has a black box warning for serious __ and GI adverse effects.

cardiovascular

Contraindications for Celebrex include patients with and impairment.

hepatic, CKD

Patients with a history of GI bleeding or __ surgery should not take Celebrex.

CABG

Acetaminophen is classified as a __ and an antipyretic.

non-opioid analgesic

The Pharmacologic Classification of Acetaminophen is a __ derivative.

Para-aminophenol

The primary therapeutic use of Acetaminophen is for __ to moderate pain.

mild

Acetaminophen may inhibit chemical mediators of pain through a __ mechanism.

direct action on heat-regulating center of hypothalamus

Acetaminophen routes of administration include __, __, or IV.

PO, rectal

Acetaminophen has rapid absorption and crosses the __, being 25% bound to plasma protein.

placenta

Serious adverse effects of Acetaminophen may include hepatotoxicity, neutropenia, and __.

pancytopenia

The black box warning for Acetaminophen is severe __ injury and risk of anaphylaxis.

liver

Acetaminophen is contraindicated in patients with __ hepatic impairment.

severe

Precautions for Acetaminophen involve patients with __ and bone marrow depression risk.

anemia

Acetaminophen may increase hepatotoxicity when used with __.

antiretrovirals

Acetaminophen overdose management employs the __ method of acetylsteine.

3-bag

Methotrexate is an __; immunosuppressant and antirheumatic drug.

antirheumatic

Methotrexate acts as an __ antagonist blocking folate metabolism.

antimetabolite

Methotrexate is the first line treatment for __.

RA

Common adverse effects of Methotrexate include __ suppression and hepatotoxicity.

bone marrow

Methotrexate is contraindicated in patients with __ disease.

liver

The pregnancy category for Methotrexate is __, indicating it's lethal to the fetus.

TERATOGEN

Methotrexate drug interactions increase toxicity of __ and alcohol.

NSAIDs

Adalimumab is classified as an __, anti-inflammatory drug.

antirheumatic

Adalimumab is indicated for moderate to severe RA with or without __.

methotrexate

Adalimumab neutralizes __ as part of its mechanism of action.

TNF-a

The common adverse effect of Adalimumab includes an increased risk of __.

infection

Serious adverse effects of Adalimumab include malignancies and __ disorders.

demyelinating

Patients with active __ should not receive Adalimumab.

infection

The black box warning for Adalimumab is for serious __ and malignancies.

infections

Nursing considerations for Adalimumab include screening for __ prior to therapy.

TB

Prednisone is classified as an __, anti-inflammatory drug.

antirheumatic

The classification of Prednisone also indicates its mechanism in reducing __ cytokines.

pro-inflammatory

Common adverse effects of Prednisone include hyperglycemia, __ retention, and infection risk.

fluid

Prednisone is contraindicated in patients with systemic __ infections.

fungal

The black box warning for Prednisone is not applicable; however, monitoring for __ is important.

adrenal suppression

Nursing considerations for Prednisone involve baseline assessments and observing for __.

GI bleed

Hydroxychloroquine is an __ drug used primarily for RA and SLE.

anti-rheumatic

The mechanism of action for Hydroxychloroquine includes inhibiting antigen processing and __ cell activation.

immune

Hydroxychloroquine is contraindicated in __.

pregnancy

A common adverse effect of Hydroxychloroquine involves __ upset.

GI

Retinal damage is a serious adverse effect of Hydroxychloroquine and is __.

irreversible

The prototype drug for gout is __, which disrupts microtubule formation.

Colchicine

Colchicine is indicated for acute gout __.

flares

Common adverse effects of Colchicine include GI upset and severe __ abnormalities.

electrolyte

Serious adverse effects of Colchicine include myelosuppression and __.

cytopenias

Allopurinol acts as an __ to prevent chronic gout.

antihyperuricemic

The mechanism of action for Allopurinol inhibits __, blocking uric acid formation.

xanthine oxidase

Common adverse effects of Allopurinol include hepatotoxicity and __.

bone marrow suppression

Probenecid is classified as a __ acid reabsorption inhibitor.

uricosuric

The mechanism of action for Probenecid blocks the __ of uric acid in renal tubules.

reabsorption

Common adverse effects of Probenecid may include GI upset and __ stones.

kidney

Probenecid is contraindicated in patients with severe __ impairment.

renal

Alendronate is classified as a __ agent used for osteoporosis and Paget's disease.

osteoporosis

The mechanism of action for Alendronate is inhibiting __ activity, decreasing reabsorption.

osteoclasts

Alendronate's common adverse effects include MSK pain and __ fracture risk.

atypical femur

Patients cannot sit upright for __ minutes after taking Alendronate.

30

Calcium and antacids may decrease the __ of Alendronate.

absorption