art history quiz 2

The French Academy

an organization founded in 1648 that oversaw the training of artists and set artistic standards for France

The Salon

French art exhibition held annually or biennially, sponsored by the government through the Academy (1667-1881)

Hierarchy of genres

1) history

2) portraiture

3) genre

4) landscape

5) still life

Genre painting

paintings that show scenes of everyday life

History painting

genre painting with historic, mythological, or literary subject matter

Academic Art

conventional painting or sculpture made under the influence of an art academy, a state-sponsored society for the formal training of artists and exhibition of their work

Allegory

image that symbolizes an abstract idea/concept

Chinoiserie

objects/images characterized by European tastes/ideas about China

Gothic

western European medieval style primarily of the mid-twelfth to fifteenth centuries, characterized in architecture by the use of pointed arches and rib vaults

Illusionism

making objects and space in two dimensions appear real by using techniques like foreshortening, shading, and perspective

Orientalism

European cultures conceiving of North Africa, West Asian, and Asian cultures in stereotyped ways, attributing romanticized or negative qualities to them

Sublime

connected with experiences of grandeur, vastness, or power that inspire awe, terror, or other strong emotions

Daguerrotype

unique photograph fixed on silver-coated copper plate, cased under glass

Naturalism

representing people/nature in a detailed and accurate manner; the realistic depiction of objects in a natural setting

Realism

phase of nineteenth-century art when an attempt was made to create objective representations of the external world

Avant-garde

emphasis in modern art on artistic innovation which challenged accepted values, traditions, and techniques

Impasto

texture produced by paint applied very thickly

Japonisme

objects/images characterized by European taste and ideas about Japan