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Feuding families in Romeo and Juliet
Montagues and Capulets
Prince Escalus' warning after the street fight
Anyone who fights again will be sentenced to death
Romeo's sadness at the start of Act 1
He loves Rosaline, but she doesn't love him back
How Romeo and Juliet meet
At the Capulet Ball
Person who recognizes Romeo at the Capulet Ball and gets angry
Tybalt
The Balcony Scene
Romeo and Juliet confess their love and plan to marry
Person who agrees to secretly marry Romeo and Juliet
Friar Laurence
How the Nurse helps Romeo and Juliet
She acts as a messenger between them
End of Act 2
Romeo and Juliet secretly get married
Romeo
A Montague, emotional and impulsive, falls in love with Juliet at first sight
Juliet
A Capulet, only 13, falls for Romeo and quickly becomes brave and rebellious
Mercutio
Romeo's funny, wild best friend who doesn't take love seriously
Benvolio
Romeo's peaceful cousin who tries to stop fights
Tybalt
Juliet's aggressive cousin who hates Montagues and wants to fight Romeo
The Nurse
Juliet's talkative caretaker who helps her secretly meet Romeo
Friar Laurence
A priest who marries Romeo and Juliet, hoping to end the family feud
Paris
A nobleman who wants to marry Juliet and is favored by her parents
Prince Escalus
Ruler of Verona, warns both families to stop fighting
Dramatic irony
When the audience knows something the characters don't (e.g., Juliet doesn't know Romeo is a Montague at first)
Situational irony
When the opposite of what is expected happens (e.g., Romeo goes to the Capulet Ball for Rosaline but falls for Juliet instead)
Verbal irony
When someone says the opposite of what they mean (e.g., Mercutio calling his fatal wound "a scratch")
Cosmic irony (fate irony)
When fate controls everything, making human efforts useless (e.g., Romeo and Juliet being "star-crossed lovers")
Environmental irony
When the setting contradicts expectations (e.g., a romantic moment happens in dangerous secrecy instead of a happy place)
Foreshadowing
Hints at future events (e.g., Romeo says he'd rather die than live without Juliet)
Soliloquy
A speech where a character talks alone on stage (e.g., Juliet's balcony speech)
Aside
A short comment to the audience that other characters can't hear
Pun
A joke using wordplay (e.g., Mercutio's witty jokes)
Oxymoron
Two opposite words together (e.g., "O loving hate!")
Why marriages were arranged
For wealth, status, and family alliances, not love
How women were expected to behave
Obedient, quiet, and respectful to their parents
Importance of family honor
The Montague-Capulet feud is based on protecting their family's reputation
Beliefs about fate
People believed their destiny was controlled by the stars ("star-crossed lovers")
Role of parents in marriage
Fathers made decisions, daughters had little say
Types of love in the play
Romantic love (Romeo & Juliet), unrequited love (Romeo & Rosaline), parental love (Capulet & Juliet), and friendship (Romeo & Mercutio)
Romeo and Juliet's love as impulsive
They fall in love and decide to marry within hours
Courtly love
A dramatic, exaggerated love, like Romeo's feelings for Rosaline
Mercutio's view on love
He mocks it and sees it as a joke
The Nurse's view on love
More physical and playful, unlike Romeo and Juliet's deep passion
Friar Laurence's warning about love
Love should be slow and steady, not rushed
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