Bio Unit 3 Exam

what is an autotroph?

creates its own food to create enough

What is an heterotroph

eating others to gain energy

What is phosphorylation

the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, often to ADP to form ATP, which stores energy.

What is the role of ATP

to store and transfer energy within cells.

Wherre in ATP structure is the energy held?

Energy is held in the high-energy phosphate bonds between the phosphate groups.

What is the role of NAD plus in Cell respirtation

acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during metabolic reactions and becoming NADH, which then donates electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.

Oxidation

The loss of electrons (NAD+ is the oxidized form)

Reduction

The gain of electrons (NADH is the reduced form)

In which step of cellular respiration produced

Electron transport chain (Oxidative Phosphorylation)

Purpose of electrons in the ETC

For the production of ATPthrough a series of redox reactions, facilitating the transfer of energy.

In ETC (PAssive transport) occurs where and when

Happens in Chemiosmosis with the hydrogen ions going through ATP synthase from the intermembrance space to the matrix

In the ETC (Active Transport) takes place where and when

Occurs during the movement of electrons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, pumping protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space.

IS fermentation an aerobic or anaerobic process

anaerobic

what are the reactants and products in lactic acid fermentation?

lactic acid, 2 atp and nad+

What are the products of alocholic fermentation?

ethanol, carbon dioxide, and 2 ATP.

obligate anaerobe

can not survive in the presence of oxygen and can ONLY undergo anaerobic respiration (extremeophiles)

falcultative anaerobe

can function in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions

What is photophosphorylation?

the addition of a phosphate a graph becuase of the energy from the sun or the production of atp via energy from photons

What is photoautotroph

making its own energy via the sun light

Throough what structure in the leaf does CO2 enter

stomata