accessory structures associated with the mouth

function is ingestion

mouth

function is to judge characteristics of food like temperature

• is a valve used to control the opening to the alimentary canal

lips

this is the anterior part of the palate that is used to manipulate food

hard palate

this is the posterior part of the palate that elevates when swallowing which closes off the rear of the nasal passages

soft palate

these are exocrine glands that produce saliva

salivary glands

what are the 5 functions of saliva

1. moistens food (for swallowing)

2. makes taste possible

3. adjusts mouth pH (bicarbonate ions)

4. initiates digestion of carbs (amylase)

5. “washes” the mouth

muscular structure that helps you manipulate your food

• contains pappilae

tongue

these are taste buds- sensory nerve endings

• detect chemicals

papillae

part of tooth surrounded by gingiva

neck

part of tooth anchored in bone

root

substances that covers only the crown

• hardest substance in body

• acid erodes this

enamel

the bulk of a tooth is made of this

• much softer then enamel

dentin

blood vessels and nerve endings portion of a tooth

pulp

1st set of teeth

• 20 total

• emerge around 6 months

• fully erupt at 24 months

deciduous teeth

2nd set of teeth

• 32 total

• emerge around 5-6 years

• some never fully erupt

secondary teeth

chewing

mastication

swallowing

deglutition

incisors are used for

cutting

canines are used for

piercing and tearing

premolars are used for

grasping

molars are used for

grinding