AP Human Unit 3 Vocab Quiz 2

Blue Laws

laws that restrict certain activities

Buddhism

religion that is founded by Siddartha Gautama and explained the way to salvation through self-disipline and poverty

Christianity

Colonialism

physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land

Diaspora

When a group of people are scattered to various locations

ethnic neghborhood

an area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background

ethnic separatism

The advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group.

Ethnonationalism

a form of nationalism in which the "nation" is defined in terms of ethnicity

Ethnocentrism

Belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.

Genocide

A premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group.

Hindiusm

one of the oldest religions in the modern world, dating back over 4000 years, and originated in the Indus River Valley. Unique among the World's religions in that it does not have a single founder, single theology, or agreement on its orgin.

Imperialism

the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and dominion of a nation especially by direct territorial acquisitions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life of other areas

indigenous communities

Ethnic groups who are the original settlers of a given region in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied, or colonized the area more recently.

Islam

the monotheistic religion of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran

Judaism

the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud

Karma

the idea that behaviors have consequences in the present life or a future life

multistate nation

an ethnicity that is dispersed throughout several countries

Nation

culturally defined group of people with a shared past and a common future who relate to a territory and have political goals

Neo-colonialism

the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies.

Sequent Occupancy

the succession of groups and cultural influences throughout a place's history

Shaman

The single person who takes on the roles of priest, counselor, and physician and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world in a shamanist culture.

state

an politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community

Sikhism

the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in Northern India in the 16th Century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam

stateless nation

a group of people with a common political identity who do not have a territorially defined, sovereign country of their own

Theocracies

governments that are run by re

Zionsim

a movement to create a Jewish state(Israel)

Animism

The belief that bodies of water, animals, trees, and other natural objects have spirits

Autonomous religion

A religion that doesn't have a central authority but shares ideas and cooperates informally

branch

A large and fundamental division within a religion

Caste System

A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life

Denomination

A division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body.

Cosmogony

A set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe.

ethnic religion

relate closely to culture, ethnic heritage, and to the physical geography of a particular place

Fundamantalism

A strict, literal interpertation of a religious text or a set of precepts.

Hierachical Religion

A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control.

Ghetto

A poor densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group linked together by economic hardship and social restrictions

Missonaries

people who work to spread their religious beliefs

Monotheism

belief in a single God

Pagan

A follower of a polytheistic religion

Pilgrimage

A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes.

Polytheism

belief in more than one god

sect

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination.

Sharia

Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life

Universalizing Religion

A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location.

Apartheid

a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

Balkanization

the process of breaking up a region into small, mutually hostile units

Blockbusting

A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood

centrifugal force

a force that divides people and countriescen

centripetal force

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

ethnic cleansing

Process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region

muliti ethnic state

state that contains more than one ethnicity

multinational state

State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

nationality

identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country

nation-state

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

Racism

Belief that one race is superior to another

Self-determination

The ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will

seperate but equal

racially segregated but ostensibly ensuring equal opportunities to all races.

Sharecropper

A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops.

Triangular Slave Trade

A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.

White Flight

the move of white city-dwellers to the suburbs to escape the influx of minorities.