amount of substance & qualitative analysis

mole

number of atoms (unit measurement for amount of substancr)

avogadro’s constant

6.02 × 10²³ number of particles in each mole of carbon-12

amount of substance equation (n)

molecular formula

the number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

empirical formula

the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

hydrated salt

ionic compound that contains water molecules chemically bound within its crystal lattice

water of crystallisation

water molecules that are part of the crystalline structure on component

anhydrous salt

salt contains no water of crystallisation

finding empirical formula from mass

1) moles = mass / Ar

2) divide each of these answers by smallest answer

3) change ratio into formula

changing empirical formula to molecular formula

1) Mr of actual molecule (told) / Mr of empirical formula = x

2) multiply x by formula

moles to atoms

moles x 6.02 × 10²³