BCOR 2205 Final Review

Which category of analytics will knowledge workers use to perform their jobs?

All answers are correct:
Descriptive analytics techniques that describe past performance and history.
Predictive analytics techniques that extract information from data and use it to predict future trends and identify behavioral patterns.
Prescriptive analytics techniques that create models indicating the best decision to make or course of action to take.

Which of the following refers to applications and technologies that are used to gather, provide access to, and analyze data and information to support decision-making efforts?

Business intelligence

Data

Raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event or object

Order date

Amount sold

Customer number

Quantity ordered

Information

Data converted into a meaningful and useful context

Worst-selling product

Best-selling product

Best customer

Business Intelligence

Information collected from multiple sources that analyze patterns, trends, and relationships for strategic decision making

Lowest sales per week compared with interest rates

Best-selling product by month compared to sports season wins

Knowledge

The skills, experience, and expertise, coupled with information and intelligence, that creates a person's intellectual resources

Choosing not to fire a sales representative who is underperforming knowing that person is experiencing family problems

Creating daily specials based on items that are about to expire first

Internet of Things (IoT)

A world where interconnected internet-enabled devices or "things" have the ability to collect and share data without human intervention

Machine-to-machine (M2M)

Refers to devices that connect directly to other devices

Unstructured data

Not defined and does not follow a specified format and is typically free-form text such as emails, Twitter, and text messages

Machine-generated data

Data created by a machine without human intervention

Machine-generated unstructured data

Includes satellite images, scientific atmosphere data, and radar data

Human-generated unstructured data

Includes text messages, social media data, and emails

Structured data

A defined length, type, and format and includes numbers, dates, or strings such as Customer Address

Human-generated data

Data that humans, in interaction with computers, generate

Variety

Different forms of structured and unstructured data

Data from spreadsheets and databases as well as from email, videos, photos, and PDFs, all of which must be analyzed

Veracity

The uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities

Uncertainty or untrustworthiness of data

Data must be meaningful to the problem being analyzed

Must keep data clean and implement processes to keep dirty data from accumulating in systems

Volume

The scale of data

Includes enormous volumes of data generated daily

Massive volume created by machines and networks

Velocity

The analysis of streaming data as it travels around the Internet

Analysis necessary of social media messages spreading globally

Analytics

The science of fact-based decision making

Business Analytics

The scientific process of transforming data into insight for making better decisions

Predictive Analytics

Uses techniques that extract information from data and uses it to predict future trends and identify behavioral patterns

Prescriptive Analytics

Uses techniques that create models indicating the best decisions to make or course of action to take

Descriptive Analytics

Uses techniques that describe past performance and history

Accounting

Transactional data

Purchasing data

Payroll data

Tax data

Finance

Investment data

Monetary data

Reporting data

Human Resources

Employee data

Promotion data

Vacation data

Marketing

Promotion data

Sales data

Advertising data

Operations Management

Manufacturing data

Distribution data

Production data

Sales

Potential customer data

Sales report data

Commission data

Customer support data

Classification

Assigns records to one of the predefined set of classes

The process of organizing data into categories or groups for its most effective and efficient use

Estimation

Determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future value

Clustering

Segments a heterogeneous population of records into a number of more homogeneous subgroups

A technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible

Affinity Grouping

Determines which things go together

Reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships

Prediction

A statement of what will happen next in a sequence of events.

Forecasting

Predictions based on time-series information, allowing users to manipulate the time series for forecasting activities

Regression

A statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables when the focus is on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables

Optimization

A statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as effective as possible

Email

The exchange of digital messages over the internet

Instant Messaging

A service that enables instant or real-time communication between people

Podcasting

Converts an audio broadcast to a digital music player

Videoconferencing

Allows people at 2 or more locations to interact via 2-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computers displays, and whiteboards

Web Conferencing

Blends videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically-dispersed participants

Content Management System

Helps companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content

Content sharing through open sourcing

Open-source system

Mozilla Firefox

User-contributed content

Reputation system

Rates eBay sellers

Collaboration inside the organization

Knowledge management system

Advises golf caddies

Collaboration outside the organization

Crowd sourcing

Looking outside the box

(blank) refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands. A number of factors can create organizational growth including market, industry, and economic factors

Scalability

Cloud computing relies on the time frames when a system is operational. Which of the following agile MIS infrastructures does this represent?

Availability

What ensures an MIS system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information?

Reliability

Which of the following refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet?

Cloud computing

(blank) creates multiple "virtual" machines on a single computing device.

Virtualization

LAN (Local Area Network)

Connects a group of computers in close proximity, such as an office building, school, or home

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

Large computer network usually spanning a city

WAN (Wide Area Network)

The Internet

What term best describes the business component that Warby Parker designs its own eyeglass frames?

Patent

What are the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people?

Ethics

Which of the following epolicies would be most important to Warby Parker's customers?

Information privacy policy

Which of the following is a method or system of government for information management or control?

Information governance

Ethical computer use policy

Fired for spending a significant amount of time playing computer games at work

Email privacy policy

An employee is fired for sending spam to other employees

Information privacy policy

A company posts its employees social security numbers on its website

Contains general principles regarding information privacy

Social media policy

An employee is fired for an inappropriate company remark on his/her Facebook page

Acceptable use policy

An employee is fired for attempting to break into other employees' computers

Workplace monitoring policy

An employee is fired for visiting elicit websites on his/her work computer

Fair information practices

A general term for a set of standards governing the collection and use of personal data and addressing issues of privacy and accuracy

Data scraping

A process of extracting large amounts of data from a website and saving it to a spreadsheet or computer

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

A legal framework that sets guidelines for the collection and processing of personal information of individuals within the European Union (EU)

Black-hat hacker

Breaks into other people's computer systems and may just look around or may steal and destroy information

Cracker

Has criminal intent when hacking

Hactivist

Has philosophical and political reasons for breaking into systems and will often deface the website as a protest

Script Kiddie

Finds hacking code on the internet and click-and-point their way into systems to cause damage or spread viruses

Cyberterrorist

Seeks to cause harm to people or to destroy critical systems or information and use the internet as a weapon of mass destruction

White-hat hacker

Works at the request of the system owner to find system vulnerabilities and plug the holes

Bug bounty program

A crowdsourcing initiative that rewards individuals for discovering and reporting software bugs

Malware

Software that is intended to damage or disable computers and computer systems

Scareware

A type of malware designed to trick victims into giving up personal information to purchase or download useless and potentially dangerous software

Authentication and authorization

Fingerprint or voice encryption

User ID and password

Smart card or token

Prevention and resistance

Content filtering

Antivirus software

Firewall

Detection and response

Intrusion detection software

What are the types of entities you might find in the Electra Bike Manufacturing/Production database management system?

Supplier, inventory, materials, distribution

What are the types of entities you might find in the Electra Customer/Sales database management system?

Customer, order, shipping, payment

What are the types of attributes you might find in the Electra Bike Manufacturing/production database management system?

Supplier ID, supplier address, supplier phone number, supplier name

What are the types of attributes you might find in the Electra Bike Customer/Sales database management system?

Customer ID, order number, order amount, order data

What is an example of transactional data for Electra?

Packing slip for shipping 3 bikes to a new customer

What is an example of analytical data for Electra?

Sales projections for Asia bike sales for the next 12 months

What is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until the business needs it?

Data lake

What is the primary problem associated with the enormous volume of organizational data?

The primary problem is that the organization becomes data rich but information poor

What occurs if a value is missing from a data file?

The data are incomplete

What occurs if summary data do not agree with detailed data in a data file?

The data are inconsistent

What occurs if there are duplicate data in a data file?

The data are not unique

Data type

Transactional data

Analytical data

Data quality

Data inconsistency

Data integrity issues

Data steward

Data timeliness

Real-time data

Real-time systems

Data governance

Master data management

Data validation

Transactional

Hotel reservation

Restaurant receipt

Shipping invoice

Analytical

Quarterly sales forecast

Industry growth perspective

Market trend analysis

Attribute

Customer name

Distributor ID

Product price

Entity

Customer

Distributor

Product

Stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event

Described using a set of attributes

Primary key

Field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table