HBS S1F

Depolarization

Na+ channels open and sodium rushes into the neuron

Repolarization

Na+ channels close and K+ channels open

Resting membrane potential

-70 mV

Threshold stimulus

Minimum stimulus needed to trigger an action potential

Nerve impulse

Action potential

Afferent neuron

Carries sensory information to the CNS

Efferent neuron

Carries motor information away from the CNS

Neuroglia

Support cells of the nervous system

Ions responsible for resting membrane potential

Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+)

Reflex arc

Pathway of nerve impulses during a reflex

Dendrites

Receive incoming signals

Axon

Carries signals away from the cell body

Myelin sheath

Insulates the axon

Axon terminal

Releases neurotransmitters

Central sulcus

Separates motor and sensory cortex

Gyri

Elevated ridges of the brain

Sulci

Shallow grooves on the brain surface

Occipital lobe

Vision

Temporal lobe

Hearing

Frontal lobe

Thinking rational thought and emotions

Cerebellum

Balance and coordinated movement

Hypothalamus

Links nervous system to endocrine system

Brocas area

Speech production

Wernickes area

Language comprehension

Amygdala

Emotional processing

Thick myofilament

Myosin

Thin myofilament

Actin

Protein calcium binds to in muscle

Troponin

Neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junction

Acetylcholine

Metacarpals

Long bones of the hand

Epiphysis

Ends of a long bone

Medullary cavity contents

Yellow bone marrow

Ligaments

Connect bone to bone

Articulation

Joint

Sphenoid bone

Keystone bone of the skull

Compound fracture

Bone breaks through the skin