Regional Anatomy of the Upper Limbs

walls of axillary fossa

Anterior: pectoralis major and minor

Posterior: subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi

Lateral: axillary fascia

Medial: serratus anterior, thoracic wall

Base: skin and fascia of armpit

contents of axillary fossa

Axillary artery and branches

Axillary vein and tributaries

Cords and branches of brachial plexus (medial, lateral, posterior cord)

Cephalic vein

Axillary lymph nodes

borders of quadrangular space

teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps, humerus

contents of quadrangular space

axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

borders of triangular space

teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps

contents of triangular space

circumflex scapular artery

borders of triangular interval

teres major, long head of triceps, humerus

contents of triangular interval

radial nerve and deep brachial artery of arm

lateral bicipital groove

between 2 heads of biceps; cephalic vein

medial bicipital groove

basilic vein, brachial artery, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, median nerve, ulnar nerve

Borders of cubital fossa

Medial border: pronator teres

Lateral border: brachioradialis

Base: brachialis

Superior: aponeurosis of biceps

contents of cubital fossa

Brachial artery divides into ulnar and radial arteries

Median nerve

Radial nerve

Biceps tendon

structures passing through flexor retinaculum

Tendon of brachioradialis muscle

Superficial branch of radial nerve

Tendon of flexor carpi radialis

Tendon of flexor pollicis longus

Median nerve

Tendon of palmaris longus

Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

Ulnar nerve, artery and veins

Flexor carpi ulnaris

structures passing through extensor retinaculum

(1) Abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis

(2) Extensor carpi radialis long + brevis

(3) Extensor pollicis longus

(4) Extensor digitorum + indicis

(5) Extensor digiti minimi

(6) Extensor carpi ulnaris

borders of foveola radialis

Lateral: extensor pollicis brevis

Medial: extensor pollicis longus

Superior: extensor retinaculum

contents of foveola radialis

radial artery (deep); cephalic vein and branch of radial nerve (superficial)