Plant and Animal Reproduction

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to plant and animal reproduction.

Perpetuation of life

The continuation and preservation of life through reproduction.

Genetic material

DNA or RNA that carries genetic information necessary for reproduction.

Gametes

Male and female sex cells used in sexual reproduction.

Fertilization

The process of combining male and female gametes to produce offspring.

Genetic diversity

The variation of genes within a population, important for survival in changing environments.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from the male sex organ to the female sex organ in flowering plants.

Stamens

The male reproductive parts of a flower that produce pollen.

Pistils

The female reproductive parts of a flower that contain ovules.

Self-pollination

When a plant's pollen fertilizes its own ovules.

Cross-pollination

When pollen is transferred from one plant to another, promoting genetic diversity.

Asexual reproduction

A type of reproduction involving a single parent that produces genetically identical offspring.

Clones

Genetically identical offspring produced through asexual reproduction.

Vegetative propagation

A form of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from parts of the parent plant.

Cutting

A method of vegetative propagation where a part of a plant is cut and planted to grow.

Grafting

Joining two plants together to grow as one organism.

Binary fission

A form of asexual reproduction where an organism divides into two parts, each becoming a new organism.

Budding

A form of asexual reproduction where a new individual develops from a part of the parent organism.

Fragmentation

A reproductive process where an organism breaks into parts, each capable of growing into a new organism.

Parthenogenesis

A form of asexual reproduction where offspring are produced from an egg without fertilization.

In vitro fertilization (IVF)

A medical procedure that involves fertilizing an egg with sperm outside the body.