apush 1920s

red scare

Period of widespread fear in the US over perceived threat of communism and radical left-wing ideologies

kkk

White supremacist racist group with a long history of violence and terrorism, primarily against African Americans, immigrants, catholics, and Jews

Palmer raids

Series of controversial law-enforcement raids by the US department of justice. Led by attorney General A. Mitchel Palmer. Targeted thousands of suspected radical leftists, anarchists, adn communists

immigration act 24

Established a national-origins system that severely restricted immigration from southern+Eastern Europe while completely banning immigration from Asia

kellog briand pact

International agreement in which some countries promised not to use war as an instrument of national policy and settle all disputes peacefully

ford mcumber tarrif

Raised American Tariffs on many imported goods to a historically high level in order to protect US factories+ farms from foreign competition

teapot dome scandal

Harding’s secretary of interior, Albert B. Fall was secretly bribed to lease federal oil reserves in Wyoming toprivate oil companies without competitive bidding.

mcnary haugen bills

Series of legislative proposals in 1920s that would have required federal government to purchase surplus farm goods to raise domestic prices, and then sell excess in world

dawes plan

International agreement that restructured Germany’s WWI reparations payments and included US loans to stabilize its economy, which helped end a diplomatic crisis.

smoot hawley tariff

Law that raised US tariffs on over 20,000 imported gods to historically high levels in an effort to protect American farmers and Businesses during the Great Depression

bull market

Period in financial markets characterized by sustained price increases, typically 20% or more from recent lows.

henry ford

Founder of the Ford Motor Company who revolutionized the automobile industry by perfecting the moving assembly line, which drastically cut production costs and made cars affordable.

18th amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of Alcoholic beverages within the US

volstead act

Federal law that provided the means to enforce the 18th Amendment by defining which beverages were “intoxicating liquors” and outlining the penalties for illegal production, sale and transporation

bible belt

Region in the American South and parts of the Midwest where socially conservative, evangelical Protestantism holds strong cultural and political influence

scopes monkey trial

Highly publicized court case in which high school teacher John T. Scopes was prosecuted for teaching the theory of evolution in violation of Tennessee state law

fundamentalism

Conservative Christian movement in 1920s that emerged in response to the perceived threat of modernism and secularism, emphasizing a strict, literal interpretation of the Bible

marcus garvey

Jamaican political activist who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association to promote Black nationalism, racial pride, and economic and political independence of people of African descent

universal negro improvement association

Black nationalist organization that promoted racial pride, economic self sufficiency through Black-owned businesses, and the goal of an independent Black nation in Africa.

modernism

Post WWI artistic + intellectual movement that broke with traditional forms, embraced experimentation, and reflected a sense of disillusionment and uncertainty

lost generation

Cohort of American writers and intellectuals who come of age during WWI and were disillusioned by the war’s trauma and the Materialism of Post-War society

harlem renaissance

African American cultural, social, and artistic movement of 1920s and 30s centered in Harlem, NYC, that celebrated Black life and identity through literature, music, and art.