Week 4 - People are Different

Correlational

What kind of design does most research within the trait approach rely on?

situation

personality traits are not the only factor that controls behaviour, people also act differently based on the ________

age and mental health

What are two factors that change how people act that aren’t personality or situation?

predictability, situationism, and perceptions

What are the three situationist arguments?

perceptions

Which situationist argument says that: the professional practice of personality assessment is a waste of time and everyday inuitions about people are fundamentally flawed?

perception

Which situationist argument is responded to by: effects of personality on behaviour are large enough to be perceived accurately, importance of traits is reflected in language, and one size does not fit all in personality?

situationism

Which situationist argument says that situations are more important than personality traits in determining behaviour?

situationism

Which situations response says that different people respond to situations differently, and the r values of social psychology are similar to personality psych?

predictability

Which situationist argument says that there is an upper limit to predictability of personality, which is low

predictability

Which situationist response says that literature was selective, and that 0.4 correlation is not small predictive power

interactionism

most current personality researchers have adopted ________

interactionism

Behaviour results from an interaction between personality and situational forces

certain situations

situational variables are useful for predicting behaviour in _____ ______

across situations

personality traits are useful for predicting behaviour ______ ______

yes

Are we good judges of personality traits?

Opportunities and expectancy effects

What are the consequences of everyday judgements of personality?

critical realism

People gather all the information that might help them determine if the judgement is valid

automatic

Personality judgements on first impressions are mostly _______, because of face validity

thin-slicing

When we make quick inferences about characteristics of a person with minimal amounts of information

social perception, stereotypes, and judgements without distraction

What are three explanations of thin-slicing?

visible

Some personality judgements are more _____

we are constantly judged and understanding others leads to better interactions and decisions

Why does accuracy of personality matter?

moderator variable

a variable that affects the relationship between two other variables

the good judge, target, and information

What are the three moderators of accuracy

Acquaintanceship effect

people who know each other for longer have better judgements of personality

5

The boundary of the acquaintanceship effect is that for up to _min interaction there is about the same level of accuracy

weak

A ____ situation is one in which there are no strict rules on how one should behave

strong

A ____ situation is one in which there are strict rules on how one should behave

thoughts and feelings

Having access to someones ______ ___ _______ lead to better judgements

relevance, availability, detection, utilization

In order, what are the four parts of the realistic accuracy model?