Catholic reformation and protestant reformation Midterm study

Huldrych Zwingli was a...

Swiss Priest- movement leader

Who were the Anabaptists? What did they believe?

branch of Protestantism, lived by a very strict moral code, believed that all other Religions were sinners

What two religions have Anabaptist origins?

Amish and Mennonites

How did the anabaptists loose power?

Lutherans, Catholics crushed and killed anabaptists

What did John Calvin publish? What group did he form?

Institutes of the Christian Religion

A reformed group in Geneva

What idea did John Calvin's book have?

Idea that people are justified by their faith not obedience

Calvin created what?

Predestination- God directs everything and determines everyone's fate, only a select few could reach salvation

How did Martin Luther start the Protestant Reformation?

Became a Monk, people from the 95 theses created lutheranism

Lutheranism

A Protestant denomination of Christian faith founded by Martin Luther

What was Christian Humanism?

a movement that developed in northern Europe during the Renaissance combining classical learning (humanism) with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church

What was the War of Roses?

A battle for king in England; Henry VII came to power

Humanism during catholic reformation

A moral movement that led humans to think the world not through the eyes of the supernatural but themselves

Catholic Reformation

a 16th century movement in which the Roman Catholic Church sought to make changes in response to the Protestant Reformation

How was the Printing press a threat to the church?

Way to mass produce books

What was the Council of Trent?

A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers.

Who were the clergy?

Priests who conducted religious services

Tresa of Avila

She symbolizes the renewal of faith and she established her own order of Carmelite nuns.

Born to a noble family

Made a saint after death

The main idea of Catholic Reformation and a divided europe is what?

To take money

Peace of Augsburg

A treaty between Charles V and the German Protestant princes that granted legal recognition of Lutheranism in Germany.

What was the Religious Bigotry against jews?

Jewish caught in middle of fightings

netherlands took refuge

What is Baroque?

Art style that expresses emotion, complexity, and exaggeration. Often found bizarre a focus on evoking a

sense of awe and piety.

Teresa was the 1st of 4 women to be named a _______ of the church.

doctor of the church

Who used arts in the Catholic reformation

Council of Trent

What church did the German princes defy?

The protestant church

How long was the Saint Bartholomew Day Massacre?

2 (or more)months

Why did Christians want to adopt the idea of predestination?

They wanted to justify their wealth

What is another name for Calvinism?

Reformed Christianity

What did anabaptists refuse to live by?

Government Authority

What did Calvinism put emphasis on?

The Authority of god

Indulgences were certificates issued by the Church. What did people believe these Indulgences did?

Believed they would assure admission to heaven.

Salvation of dead relatives

Get rid of or reduce punishments of sins

What do the Lutherans believe the Triune of God is?

He is all three people, father, son, and the holy spirit.

How did Lutherans believe salvation was earned?

It wasn't earned it was God's gift and it was received in faith.

What did the corruption in the Catholic Church create?

Widespread dissatisfaction with perceived

corruption, including the sale of indulgences, simony, and the moral conduct of clergy.

What support let Lutheranism seek out autonomy from the authority of the Catholic Church?

Support from German Princes

What was the Peasant's War?

German peasants revolted against their lords and looked to Luther to support their cause

-churches wanted to be able to pick their own priest

-peasants rebel and ruin churchsettle over the payment of ties

Where is Calvinism spread?

France, the Netherlands, Scotland, and parts of Germany.

What led to Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church?

desire for an annulment with Catherine of Aragon

What is Anglicanism?

Religion founded by Henry VIII to enable his divorcing of wives, the Church of England

What did Elizabeth I settle?

Anglicanism as a compromise between Catholic and Protestant elements.

Why did the Catholic church initiate the Counter-Reformation?

to address internal issues and counter Protestant influences.

What was the Thirty Years War?

a European conflict over religion and territory and for power among ruling families, lasting from 1618 to 1648

What did the Thirty Years War lead to?

significant territorial and demographic changes in Central Europe.

Iconoclasm:

Some Protestant groups promoted iconoclasm, rejecting religious images and symbolism.

What role did Protestant Missionaries play?

spreading the faith to other continents.

What was the Legacy of the Protestant Reformation?

religious diversity, individualism, decentralization of religious authority. Also the development of modern political, social, and economic systems in Western societies.

What were the Key decisions of the Council of trent?

reaffirming traditional Catholic doctrines, clarifying the role of

the clergy, and emphasizing the importance of both scripture and tradition.

What did Doctrinal Clarifications emphasize?

the authority of the Pope and the Magisterium in interpreting scripture.

What founded society play a prominent role in the Catholic Reformation?

The Society of Jesus (jesuits), founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1540,

What work did the jesuits engage in?

missionary work, education, and efforts to combat Protestantism through intellectual and spiritual means.

Why did old religious orders undergo reformation as well as the creation of new ones?

to address issues of discipline and morality.

New orders, were founded to address specific challenges within the Church.

Why was the Roman Inquisition established?

to combat heresy and ensure doctrinal conformity.

What did the Roman Inquisition aim at?

It aimed to identify and suppress ideas and individuals that deviated from orthodox

Catholic teachings.

What was the legacy of the Catholic Reformation?

addressing internal issues and reaffirming

Catholic doctrine, contributing to the renewal of the Church's spiritual and moral

authority.

It played a role in stemming the tide of conversions to Protestantism in some regions.

The Council of Trent and other initiatives left a lasting impact on the structure and

practices of the Catholic Church.