Government Test Final

The Current President

Joe Biden

The Current Vice President

Kamala Harris

Speaker of House

Nanci Pelosi

The Current Senate Majority Leader

Chuck Schumer

The Current Senators from Missouri

* Roy Blunt, Josh Hawley

All 8 Representatives and the District they represent

* Cori Bush(1), Ann Wagner(2), Blaine Luetkemeyer(3), Vicky Hartzler(4)
* Emanuel Cleaver(5), Sam Graves(6), Billy Long(7), Jason Smith(8)

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Top Dem

Bottom Repub

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

John Roberts

The Most Senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court

Clarence Thomas

Four members of the Current Cabinet and their office

* Antony Blinken(Secretary of state), Janet Yellen(Secretary treasurer), Lloyd Austin(secretary of defense), Merrick Garland(Attorny General)

The Current Governor of Missouri

* Mike Parsons

The Current Lt Governor of Missouri

Mike Kehoe

The Secretary of State of Missouri

Jay Ashcroft

The State Auditor

Nicole Galloway

The State Attorney General

Eric Scmidt

The State Treasurer

Scott Fitzpatrick

The State Representative for Tolton

Sarah Walsh

The State Senator for Tolton

Caleb Rowden

What is the Legislative power and which part of the US Federal government has it

* **The Legislative power creates laws for the nation and Congress occupies it**

What is the executive power and which official is the chief embodiment of that in the us Federal Government

**The executive power enforces laws and the chief embodiment of that is the president**

What is the Judicial Power and which branch of the federal government has it

**The judicial power is the Supreme Court  and they interpret the laws**

List and Describe the 4 qualities that make something a “state”

* **Population, Sovereignty, Government, defined borders.** 

Which Writers are most associated with the “State of Nature”

* Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
* Nasty, short, and brutish

Who was the King of England during the American Revolution

**King George III**

What causes the First Continental Congress to form

* **The intolerable acts**

What are the Unalienable rights listed in the Declaration of Independence

**Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness**

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

* Inability to raise taxes, lack of legislation, lack of trade 

Successes of the Confederation Government

Land ordinance of 1785, Northwest ordinance of 1787

What Decade  was the Critical Period

1780s

What do we call people who attended the Constitutional Convention

Founding Fathers

Where was the Constitutional Convention (city and state)

**Philadelphia Pennsylvania**

Describe the Virginia Plan of Government

* **A bicameral legislature with representation based on the population, Proposed 3 branches of government with the legislative being the most powerful.**

Describe the New Jersey Plan of Government

* **Proposed unicameral legislature(equal representation between states)** 
* **Proposed 3 branches of government**

Describe the Government created by the Great Compromise

* **Bicameral legislature with 1 house based on population and one with equal representation**

Describe the ⅗ Compromise

* **3 out of every 5 slaves would be counted for representation, and 2 out of 5 for taxation.** 

How many amendments are in the bill of rights

10

What are the five freedoms protected by the 1st Amendment

Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition

How large does a civil lawsuit need to be in order for you to have a Jury

$20

What are the three things banned by the 8th amendment

No Excessive bail, no excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted.

What are you protected from in the 4th Amendment

Unreasonable search and seizure

What are the protections offered in the 5th Amendment

* Cannot be held for trial of major crimes unless indicted by a grand jury, cannot be tried for same crime twice, cannot be forced to give testimony against yourself, right to due process in federal courts, private property cannot be taken unless a fair price is paid for it. 

What are the protections offered in the 6th Amendment

* Fair and speedy trial, fair and impartial jury, right to be told what crime you are being charged with, right to confront your accuser, required process to find witnesses in your favor, legal representation.

What is banned by the 13th Amendment

slavery

Name and describe all sections of the 14th Amendment

* Section 1: if born in the U.S. you are a U.S. citizen 
* Section 2:  Undoes ⅗ compromise
* Section 3: If you participated in the confederacy you cant run for a political office
* Section 4: Union will pay back loans, confederacy loans will not be payed back
* Section 5: Congress has the power to enforce all the new amendments

Who was granted the right to vote by the 15th Amendment

* All slaves that were just freed can now vote(Men only)

Who was granted the right to vote by the 19th amendment

Women can now vote

What was banned by the 18th amendment

* Prohibition, banning of alcohol

What did the 21st Amendment do

* Repealed 18th amendment, allowed to buy and sell alcohol again

What did the 22nd amendment do

* Makes it to where president can only serve two terms

Who was granted the right to vote by the 26th Amendment

Voting age lowered to 18

How many amendments are there in the US Constitution

27

What article of the constitution is about the Legislative Branch

article 1

What type of elections typically have the highest turnout

* Presidential elections

How often are federal elections held

* Every two years

What day is election day

* The first tuesday after a monday in november 

What are the minimum qualifications to be a member of the House of Representatives

* Must be 25 years of age and have been a citizen for at least 7 years, must be resident of the state you represent.

What are the minimum qualifications to be a member of the Senate

* Must be at leats 30 year of age, must be citizen for 9 years, muts be a resident of the state that you are elected from 

What Congressional Districts is Boone County Split between

* Split between the 3rd and 4th districts

Explain what Gerrymandering is and the two primary ways that gerrymandering is done

* practice of making districts shaped in a way that is unfairly biased to favor one party or the other

What are the two chambers of Congress called

* House of Representatives and the Senate

What is the current party divide in the House of representatives

* 220 democrats, 212 republicans, 3 vacant seats 

What is the current party divide in the Senate

* 50 republicans, 50 Democrats

How long is the term of a US representative

* 2 years 

How long is the term of a senator

* 6 year terms 

roughly how many women are in congress

* 151 women(28.2%)

Which chamber has the highest average age

Senate(64.3)

What is the most prominent religious background in Congress

protestant(55.5)%

What is the leader of the House called

* Speaker of the house

Explain the special authorities granted to the US House of representatives

* Creat bills that raise and lower taxes, impeach federal officials, and elect president in result of electoral college tie

What is the leader of the senate called

* Senate majority leader

What is another name for the president of the Senate

* President pro Tempore 

Explain the special authority given to the senate

* Approves appointees of the president and ratify treaties with foreign countries. 

Give a detailed description of how laws are made in the US federal government

What portion of both houses of congress is needed to override a presidential veto

* 2/3s majority 

What body elects the president

* Elecotoral college

What article of the Constitution is about the Executive Branch

* Article 2

How many electoral votes does missouri have

* 10 electoral votes

How is the number of electoral votes a state has determined

* Number of representatives + 2

How long is the term of the president

* 4 years 

How many terms can a president serve

* Two terms 

How many presidents have there been

* 46 presidents 

List and describe each of the 5 roles of the president

* Commander in chief(Highest level of military command)
* Chief executive(in charge of largest branch of government)
* Chief Diplomat(most important representative to foreign countries and must visit our friends and restrain our enemies)
* Chief Legislator( Suggests and supports different pieces of legislation)
* Head of their political party( supporting other members of their party in elections and working to improve the image of their party across the country)

How many people work in the executive branch

* Roughly 4 million people

What is the cabinet?

* group of people who serve as the heads of the executive departments and are the closest advisors to the president

How many executive departments are there

* VP and 15 executive department heads 

What are the four oldest executive departments

* State, treasury, defense, and justice 

What is the youngest executive department

* Homeland Security 

What are the First four offices in the presidential order of succession

* VP, Speaker of the house, president pro tempore of the senate, Head of executive branch departments in order of when they were created. 

Explain the special powers granted to the president

* Power to issue pardons, power to issue executive orders, power to appoint supreme court justices, ambassadors to foreign countries and other executive officials. 

What article of the constitution is about the Judicial Branch

* Article 3

How many people are on the supreme court

* 9 seats 

How long are the terms of Justices on the Supreme court

lifetime

How does someone become a member of the supreme court

* Justices are appointed by the president and approved by the senate

How many conservative Justices are currently on the court

6

How many liberal justices are currently on the court

* 3 liberal

What is a ruling from the supreme court called

* An opinion

Know the outcomes of the Following Supreme Court Cases:*Marbury v Maddison,*

Judicial review

*Gibbons v Ogden,*

* Federal Government has broad power to regulate interstate commerce

*Dred Scott v Sanford,*

* enslaved man Dred Scott could not sue for his freedom because he was property- property does not have the right to sue.

*Plessy v Ferguson,*

* *Ruled that segregation was legal as long as there were equal facilities for both races- established the language of Separate but Equa* 

*Brown v the Board of Education,* 

* *Ruled that segregated schools were unconstitutional and that in schools Separate facilities could never be equal*

*Gideon v Wainwright,* 

* *Ruled that courts had to provide lawyers for people who could not afford one*