Lymphatic and Immune System PowerPoint(1) (1)

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28 Terms

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Lymphatic System

A system that drains excess interstitial fluid, transports dietary lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins, and facilitates the immune response.

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Interstitial Fluid

Fluid that surrounds tissue cells and is similar in composition to lymph.

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Lymph

A fluid that is formed from interstitial fluid and transports nutrients and immune cells.

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Lymphatic Vessels

Resemble veins but have thinner walls and more valves, responsible for transporting lymph.

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Lymphatic Capillaries

Smallest vessels of the lymphatic system, blind-ended, with greater permeability than blood capillaries.

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Lacteals

Lymphatic capillaries located in the small intestines that transport dietary lipids.

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Lymph Nodes

Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph and contain immune cells like macrophages, T and B lymphocytes.

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Lymphadenitis

Inflammation of the lymph nodes, causing swelling near an infection site.

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Lymphangitis

Inflammation of the lymph vessels, usually appearing as a reddish streak near an infection site.

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Thoracic Duct

The largest lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the majority of the body back into the venous system.

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Right Lymphatic Duct

Drains lymph from the right arm and right side of the head and neck.

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Passive Lymph Flow

Movement of lymph driven by valves, gravity, skeletal muscle contraction, and respiratory movement.

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Thymus

Primary lymphatic organ that produces hormones for T cell development.

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Spleen

Largest mass of lymphatic tissue that filters blood and removes pathogens and old red blood cells.

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MALT

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that protects mucosal surfaces; includes tonsils and Peyer's patches.

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Phagocytes

Immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, that engulf and digest pathogens.

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Natural Killer Cells

Lymphocytes that can kill a wide variety of pathogens and cancerous cells.

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Complement System

A group of proteins that enhances phagocytosis and can destroy pathogens.

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Inflammation

A defensive response to tissue injury or infection characterized by redness, swelling, pain, and heat.

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Active Immunity

Occurs when a person produces their own antibodies in response to an antigen.

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Passive Immunity

Occurs when a person receives antibodies from another source, providing temporary protection.

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Memory Cells

Long-lived immune cells that remember past infections and respond more rapidly on re-exposure.

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Antigen Presentation

The process by which antigen-presenting cells display foreign antigens to T cells, initiating an immune response.

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Helper T Cells

A subset of T cells that stimulate B cells and other T cells in the immune response.

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Cytotoxic T Cells

T cells that attack and destroy infected or abnormal cells.

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AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; a condition resulting from HIV infection that weakens the immune system.

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Autoimmune Diseases

Conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

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Allergic Reactions

An overreaction of the immune system to harmless substances, often resulting in increased inflammation.