Cengage Module 9

firmware

______ consists of ROM chips or flash memory chips that store permanent instructions.

platform

The operating system sometimes is called the ______.

background

In a multitasking operating system, ______ programs are running but not in use.

swap

The area of the hard drive used for virtual memory is called a(n) ______ file.

thrashing

When an operating system spends much of its time paging, it is said to be ______.

microsoft

OneDrive is a cloud server from ______.

embedded

Ticket machines, ATMs, digital cameras, and robotics all use ______ operating systems.

UNIX

Power users often work with ______ because of its flexibility and capabilities.

virtual

A(n) ______ machine enables you to install a second operating system on a computer.

TRUE

Some operating systems allow users to control a network and administer security.

TRUE

The start-up process is similar for large and small computers and mobile devices.

FALSE

A cold boot generally is faster than a warm boot.

TRUE

The computer may run slower while it uses virtual memory.

FALSE

A multiuser operating system processes all tasks on a first-come, first-served basis.

TRUE

A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.

FALSE

Experts recommend that you run multiple antivirus programs simultaneously.

FALSE

The term, PC, sometimes is used to describe a computer that runs on a Mac operating system.

FALSE

Linux is proprietary software.

TRUE

Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers or storage devices.

nonresident

______ instructions remain on a storage medium until they are needed, at which time they transfer into memory.

command-line

Two types of operating system user interfaces are graphical and ______.

RAM

______ consists of one or more chips on the motherboard that hold items such as data and instructions while the processor interprets and executes them.

spooling

The ______ process sends documents to be printed into a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer.

driver

A(n) ______ is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.

client

Desktop operating systems sometimes are called ______ operating systems because they also work in conjunction with a server operating system.

dock

On computers running macOS, the ______ contains icons used to run apps, display minimized windows, and access documents.

app store

Google Play is an example of a(n) ______.

Chrome OS

______ is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps.

wallet

On devices running Windows (Mobile Edition), the ______ app provides a centralized location for coupons, credit cards, loyalty cards, and memberships.

FALSE

An operating system must be installed on a hard drive.

FALSE

The kernel is an example of a nonresident instruction.

FALSE

Operating systems on embedded computers use a multitasking operating system.

TRUE

If thrashing occurs, try to exit the program. If that does not work, try a warm boot and then a cold boot.

TRUE

A queue is the lineup of documents waiting to be printed.

TRUE

OEM stands for original equipment manufacturer.

TRUE

The trend is toward device-independent operating systems.

TRUE

macOS is a UNIX-based operating system.

TRUE

Open source software has no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification of the software's internal instructions.

TRUE

Geofencing enables your phone to send or receive notifications when you enter or exit a geographic location.

administrative manager

is not an essential manager in an operating system?

Device drivers and services start, including the user interface.

What is the last step in the boot process?

It works as the go-between to make sure hardware and software interact correctly.

What is the purpose of an operating system?

power-on self-test (POST)

The ___________ checks that all devices such as RAM and disk drives are present and functioning.

FALSE

The OS helps set up a computer, but is dormant after setup.

FALSE

A GUI lets you interact with a device by typing long lines of code.

Click and drag the top of the window.

How do you move a window on the desktop?

The operating system moves some RAM contents to virtual memory.

What happens when you start a program but the operating system doesn't have enough RAM to run it?

clock speed

The quicker the _________, the more instructions a processor can carry out.

Create slide shows from digital images.

Which of the following is not a typical operating system task?

graphical user interface

What does "GUI" stand for?

It appears in a new window.

What happens when you open a program, file, or folder by double-clicking an icon?

disk space an operating system uses as if it were RAM

What is virtual memory?

bandwidth

Processors vary in speed, performance, and _______________.

ready

When a process receives permission to run, it is in a ___________ state.

Microsoft account, email, or Internet access

What is not required for a local user account?

iOS

Which of the following is an example of a mobile operating system?

Notebook

Cortana stores personalized information about you in a local database called the __________.

Microsoft account

If you want to add a user who has _____________, you only need to enter an email address for the user.

The program that lets you interact with your computer

What is an operating system?

Start screen

Which of the following is not a new or enhanced feature in Windows 10?

Professional

Which of the mainstream versions of Windows 10 is designed for small business users?

Spotlight

Which of the following Mac OS X features can you use to find a file by typing its name?

Inodes

_________ point to the place on the disk where Linux can find the data contained in files and folders.

Dock

In Mac OS X, the __________ appears at the bottom of the screen and contains shortcuts to some folders and applications.

It lets the browser serve as the operating system.

How does Chrome OS differ from other operating systems?

It comes with Google apps such as Search and Maps.

Which of the following is an advantage of Android devices?

To what can you compare the structure of Linux file systems?

To what can you compare the structure of Linux file systems?

web browser

Chrome is a ____________ designed to be fast, sleek, and secure.

Easy to customize

Which of the following is a major advantage of Android, according to the video narrator?

use a different operating system on the device

After you commit to a smartphone, you cannot _____________.

It must request them.

What must a client computer do to receive services from a server?

server, client

A __________ computer provides services to a ____________ computer.

Google account

An advantage of having a(n) ______________ is that it stores settings, backups, and other information separate from your Android device.

the version of the Android operating system

What does a code name such as Jellybean or KitKat refer to?

icons for notifications and status indicators

What does the Android notification bar display?

Google Now

Which of the following is not an iOS feature?

Press and Hold to get notifications

Which of the following describes a new notification feature in iOS?

Create a hyperlink from a clear text description to the URL of the webpage.

What should you do to direct a reader to a webpage?

styles

Using ________ in a Word document helps screen readers identify information such as titles and bulleted lists.

Application Software

The type of software you use most directly to perform tasks sych as writing a screenplay

Utility Software

The type of software that performs a specific, limited task, usually related to managing or maintaining a computer system.

System Software

the software that runs a computer

Service Pack

A collection of major operating system updates

File Management Software

This type of software that lets you copy, move, rename, and delete files and folders.

Operating system

The _________ determines whether you can run two programs at the same time or connect your computer to a network.

update

An operating system change that fixes bugs, improves security, or enhances features is called an ________.

version 3.1

Windows did not become popular until _________ was released in 1982.

disk cleanup

To delete unnecessary files on a hard disk, use ____________ software.

Disk Operating System

The first personal computer operating system was named ________.

personal or desktop

Operating systems installed on a single computer are called __________ operating systems.

embedded

Electronic devices such as card readers use _________ operating systems.

network

A server, also called a(n) __________________, operating system is a multiuser operating system because it controls a central computer that can support many users.

mobile

A(n) _________________ operating system has features similar to a desktop operating system, but is simpler and significantly smaller.

multipurpose

UNIX is called a(n) _______________ operating system because it can run on a desktop PC or a server.

multiprocessing

A processing technique an operating system can use if the computer has many processors

multithreading

A processing technique an operating system uses to process many parts of a single program

memory management

A key task that operating systems perform to use RAM efficiently.

virtual memory

Part of the hard drive that the operating system uses as additional RAM

parallel processing

A process technique an operating system uses to diveide one task among many processors

process

A _________ is a program that runs in the background.