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Health
the overall condition of an individual in relation to physical well-being
Epidemiology
area of medicine that deal with the incidence, distribution and control of diseases and other factors relating to health
Infectious
caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; disease can be spread, directly or indirectly from one person to another
Non-infectious
a non-communicable disease due to age, genetic defects e.g. cancer
Contagious
easily spread by direct contact or indirect contact between people
Non-contagious
not spread by contact, require mode of transmission between people or hosts such as vectors
Communicable
infectious disease transmissible by direct contact with an affected individual or by indirect means
Non-communicable
chronic diseases - not passed from person to person, usually long duration and generally slow progression
Endemic
exists permanently in a geographical area of population group
Epidemic
sudden increase of a disease above what is expected in that population, disease attacks mant people and spreads through population in restricted geographical area
Pandemic
extensive epidemic - widespread, affecting many countries/continents
Zoonotic
infectious diseases of animals which can cause disease when transmitted to humans
Mortality
Death - the term may also include a cause of death such as an injury or medical condition
Morbidity
State of being ill or diseased, or the occurrence of a disease or condition that damages health and quality of life
Vector
the mosquito - parasite which carries a pathogen
Pathogen
Microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses that causes diseases
Prevalence of disease
the total number of cases in a population at one time
Incidence of disease
The number of NEW cases in a population during a particular time
Incidence rate
number of new cases divided by the number of people at risk
