Basics of Crime Scene Investigation

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Basics of Crime Scene Investigation, including important figures, legal principles, and specific functions of forensic units.

Who popularized scientific crime detection methods through the character Sherlock Holmes?

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

What principle states that materials are exchanged between two objects that come into contact?

Locard's Exchange Principle.

Who is known as the Father of Forensic Toxicology?

Mathieu Orfila.

What is the significance of the Frye v. United States case?

It ruled that scientific methods must be generally accepted in the relevant scientific community for evidence to be admissible.

What are the responsibilities of the Evidence Collection Unit?

They dispatch trained personnel to collect and preserve physical evidence at crime scenes.

Which forensic unit examines handwriting and typewriting?

The Document Examination Unit.

What is the role of a Polygraph Unit?

To use lie detectors handled by trained personnel in criminal investigation and interrogation.

How many public crime laboratories operate in the U.S.?

Approximately 400.

What did the Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceutical Inc case establish?

It allowed trial judges to serve as gatekeepers for the admissibility of scientific evidence.

What type of evidence does the Biology Unit typically analyze?

Dried blood stains, hair, fibers, and botanical materials.