Polyploidy Vocab - 3

Genome

basic set of chromosomes of an organism

euploidy

chromosome numbers vary in multiples of the complete chromosome set basic to the species

aneuploidy

chromosome numbers vary by the addition or deletion of specific, individual chromosomes

monoploid

any cell with a complete set of chromosomes; represented by “x”

haploid

number of gametic chromosomes (sex chromosome)

diploid

number of somatic chromosomes

autoploid/autopolyploidy

duplication of genomes of a single species

double haploid

haploid + colchicine

alloploidy/allopolyploidy

combining genomes from 2 or more unrelated species

nullisomic

diploid number minus one pair of chromosomes (2n-2)

monosomic

diploid minus one chromosome (2n-1)

trisomic

diploid plus one chromosome (2n+1)

tetrasomic

diploid plus one pair of chromosomes (2n+2)

gametic

cells with one copy of each chromosome

somatic

cells with two copies of each chromosome

Polyploids

euploids in which the somatic cells possess multiples of complete chromosomes above the diploid level