chapter 6 : Nail Disorders and Diseases study guide

why should cosmetologists have a thorough understanding of nail disorders and diseases?

becauese cosmetologists need to identify any unhealthy conditions on clients nails and determine if they can be treated in the salon

Cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of nail disorders and diseases because they __________.

should recognize conditions that may signal mild to serious health problems and warrant a physician's attention and also remember that diagnosing or treating any illness is never within a cosmetologist's scope of practice

As a cosmetologist, you should __________.

identify whether a client has an unhealthy condition that prevents the client from receiving salon services

Which of the following is a symptom of a nail disorder called Beau's lines?

depressions running across the nail plate's width due to a slowing production of matrix cells

Which of the following refers to a noticeably thin white nail plate that is more flexible than usual and is typically caused by poor diet, heredity, medication, internal disease, or overfiling with an abrasive?

Eggshell nail

Which of the following terms refers to irregular split or brittle nails appearing as nail plate surface roughness, potentially a result of heredity, excessive exposure to cuticle removers, matrix injuries, harsh cleaning agents, or aggressive filing techniques?

onychorrhexis

A form of dramatically increased nail curvature of the free edge, whereby the nail can curl in upon itself or may be deformed only on one sidewall, is called a(an) __________.

pincer nail

Lengthwise grooves in the nail plate that are typically the result of aging are referred to as a(an) __________.

ridged nail

Whitish discolored spots on the nails, usually caused by a minor injury to the nail matrix, are most likely a symptom of __________.

leukonychia

which of the following is most likely a sign of onychophagy?

bitten nails

Significant nail darkening caused by increased pigment cells, visible as a black band extending from the base to the free edge or as a dark color over the entire nail plate, is a symptom of __________.

melanonychia

Which of the following is most likely a symptom of nail psoriasis?

nail surface pitting, onycholysis, roughness, and randomly or evenly spaced bed discolorations

Identify a true statement about the nail disorder called nail pterygium.

Cosmetologists should never attempt to treat or push back nail pterygium with any instrument.

Identify an accurate statement about a plicatured nail.

It often leads to ingrown nails.

Damage to the capillaries under the nail, caused by physical trauma or nail bed injury, is typically a sign of __________.

splinter hemorrhage

What should cosmetologists do to reduce the risk of spreading nail infections between clients?

They should always mix disinfectants according to the product label, use them correctly, and follow the steps of implementation and disinfection of the work station.

Any natural nail disease or deformity is known as _________.

onychosis

Matrix inflammation and nail shedding, resulting from injury or infection, is known as __________.

onychia

An ingrown nail, wherein the nail grows into the sides of the tissue around the nail, is most likely a sign of __________.

onychogryphosis

Which of the following refers to the separation of the nail plate and nail bed caused by injury or allergic reactions?

onycholysis

Which of the following refers to the separation and falling off of the nail plate from the nail bed, which is caused by infections, matrix injuries, systemic illnesses, or medical procedures?

onychomadesis

Paronychia refers to __________.

bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail plate, causing pus, swelling, and redness

Which of the following is most likely a symptom of a nail infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

a yellow-green spot that becomes darker in its advanced stage

Severe nail inflammation, in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate, is known as __________.

pyogenic granuloma

Tinea pedis __________.

is the medical term for fungal infections of the feet

A nail plate fungal infection, consisting of whitish patches that can be scraped off the nail's surface or long whitish or pale yellowish streaks within the nail plate, is referred to as __________.

onychomycosis

Identify a point that cosmetologists should keep in mind

When the skin is broken or cut, germs can enter the body and cause infection.

Identify the first step in performing a hand, nail, and skin analysis.

cleaning the hands of both the cosmetologist and the client

Which of the following should be ensured by a cosmetologist when performing a hand, nail, and skin analysis?

The skin should be soft and supple and have no signs of dehydration or flaking.

In the context of skin analysis, cold skin most likely indicates __________.

Poor blood circulation

Which of the following should be asked or stated by a cosmetologist when analyzing a client's hand, nail, and skin?

Do you take medication for diabetes, high blood pressure, or chemotherapy?

In the United States, nail services are governed under __________.

cosmetology laws

In the context of cosmetology laws in the United States, which of the following statements is true?

In some states, an individual licensed under cosmetology cannot perform acts listed in the definition of any other license in that state unless otherwise licensed.