Unit 4: Transoceanic Interconnections Vocab.

Maritime Empires.

Empires such as Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, France, & Holland that were based upon sea travel.

Indentured Servant.

A migrant to British colonies in the Americas who paid for passage by agreeing to work for a set term ranging from 4 to 7 years.

Dutch East India Company.

A mercantile company chartered by the Dutch to conduct trade missions throughout the East Indies.

Dutch West India Company.

A trading company chartered by the Dutch gov't to conduct its merchants' trade in the Americas & Africa.

Cartography.

Mapmaking.

Cash Crop.

Sellable crop that is grown & gathered from the market such as sugar & tobacco.

Chattel Slavery.

A system where individuals were considered property to be bought & sold.

Colombian Exchange.

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, & technologies between the Americans & the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.

Christopher Columbus.

Navigator who explored the Americas under the flag of Spain.

Encomienda.

A grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies (provided grant holder).

Glorious Revolution.

The overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians.

Mercantilism.

European gov't policies of the 16th, 17th, & 18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade.

Transatlantic Slave Trade.

Africans captured & sold in the Americas as slaves.

Treaty of Nerchinsk.

Treaty made in 1689 that fixed the border along the Amur River & regulated trade across.

Treaty of Tordesillas.

1494 treaty in which Spain & Portugal divided the Americas between them.

Triangular Trade.

Atlantic trading system that had three segments which enslaved Africans were part of.

African Diaspora.

Africans living outside of Africa (slaves) who retained some aspects of their cultures.

Joint-Stock Companies.

Businesses that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises & to spread the risks & profits among many investors.

Mit'a System.

Labor obligation in Peru that required a percentage of the adult male Amerindians to work for 2 to 4 months each year in mines, farms, or textile factories.