Infection Control and Management

These flashcards cover key concepts related to infection control and management, providing definitions for important terms, mechanisms, and approaches in the context of microbiology and healthcare.

Normal Flora

Beneficial microorganisms living naturally on and in our bodies, aiding digestion and protecting against harmful microbes.

Pathogens

Harmful microorganisms that cause disease and infections; examples include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Innate Immunity

The body's first line of defense; responds quickly to invaders but does not target specific pathogens.

Specific/Acquired Immunity

A specialized immune response developed after exposure to specific pathogens, involving immune cells that remember and recognize invaders.

Pharmacological Approaches

Treatments for infections, including antibiotics for bacterial infections and antivirals for viral infections.

Chain of Infection

The process by which infectious diseases are transmitted, consisting of an infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.

Aseptic Technique

Practices that prevent the transfer of microbes from one person to another to minimize the risk of infection.

Opportunistic Pathogens

Microorganisms that cause infections when the immune system is weakened.

Incubation Period

The stage of infection where the pathogen enters the body but no symptoms are present.

Disinfection

The removal of microorganisms, although it may not destroy all spores and viruses.