39. Urinary System

1. produce urine by filtration, secretion, reabsorption, and concentration

2. produce renin and erythropoietin hormones in kidneys

general function of urinary system

renal a., renal v, ureter, lymphatics, and nerves

what structures are involved with the renal hilus

bovine...multilobar/multipyramidal

the kidney of what species is shown here...how do we know

L kidney sharper at cranial extremity

describe the difference in the L vs the R shape kidney in bovine

bean shaped and unilobar/unipyramidal

describe the shape of the small ruminant kidney

dorsally

the left hilus is _____ directed due to displacement by the rumen

two faces....dorsal and ventral/parietal and visceral

the R kidney is elliptical shaped and more flattened w/ ____ faces

three faces...parietal, visceral, and ruminal

the L kidney is cranially pointed and caudally twisted with _____ faces

displaced to R found caudal and ventral to R kidney

what side is the L kidney found on

reviewed

review this image of the bovine kidneys

peritoneal organ/floating kidney

the R kidney is considered a retroperitoneal organ but due to the mobile and pendulous nature of the L kidney it is considered a _____ and covered in mesonephros

T12/13-L3

the ruminant right kidney is found at what location

L2-L4

the ruminant left kidney is found at what location

calices...cup-like expansions

in bovine the kidney is arranged in lobes and have divided renal papilla, urine is collected via _____ as there is no renal crest formed

minor calices

the ______ collects urine directly from renal papilla within the medulla of the bovine kidney

major calix

several minor calices form a _____ that then drain into the renal pelvic

reviewed

review the kidney

cortex

6

medulla

7

renal crest

9

renal pelvis

11

enter at dorsal wall at a low angle which is compressed when full

how do you describe the entrance of the ureters into the bladder

1. apex cranially, big body, and neck caudally

2. trigone at the neck containing ureteric ostiums

3. 2 lateral ligaments and 1 median ligament to hold the bladder in place

describe some of the important structures of the bladder

short urethra only in pelvic part

describe the urethra of the female

long urethra with an S shaped erection system in the penile part

describe the male urethra