elizabethan england aqa

arguments for marriage

create an alliance with a foreign country/win the support of a powerful english family

elizabeth could produce an heir to succeed her and continue the tudor line

prevents mary queen of scots from ruling england after elizabeth dies

robert dudley earl of leicester

scandal of his wife's death meant marriage was almost impossible

key figure in the royal court- privy councillor

queen's childhood friend & one of her favourites

king phillip II of spain

one of the most powerful men in the world

was elizabeth's brother in law

philip catholic elizabeth protestant

spain's control of south america and its resources made the country very rich

francis duke of anjou and alencon

was heir to the throne

could lead to influence in france

if she died childless, england could fall under french control

spies

the network of spies headed by walsingham meant that very few plots ever got past their early stages

religious settlement

kept most of the population happy

became tougher on catholics as her reign went on

a skilled politician

most difficult relationship became with parliament

issue of marriage and succession

listen to parliament's advice but was clear where the power ended

punishments

rebels were tortured and put to death

essex was beheaded

mary queen of scots was kept locked up for many years before she was executed

unconvincing alternatives

mary was blamed for her second husband's death

philip showed little interest in the country

1570s

meetings of clergy criticised elizabeth's church

grindal was suspended as archbishop when he refused to ban prophesyings

puritans separated themselves and tried to establish new churches

1580

new separatist church set up in norwich

leader robert browne was arrested but then later released

1592

second church set up in london, leaders henry barrow and john greenwood were arrested and hanged

northern rebellion

1569

westmorland and northumberland took control of durham cathedral and held an illegal catholic mass

marched south with an army of 4600 men

ridolfi plot

1571

an invasion by the netherlands with coincide with another northern rebellion

elizabeth murdered and replaces by mary who marries norfolk

throckmorton plot

1583