ch 52 immune systems

bio 3000

Most allergy medicines contain antihistamines that block the actions of histamine. These drugs reduce cold symptoms by directly

Blocking or reducing the inflammation response in mucous membranes

Your patient becomes sick due to an infection by the influenza virus and now has the flu. The cells which would most directly lyse virally infected host cells in this case are_________. These cells mature in the_________.

T cells; Thymus

Generally speaking, vaccinations are effective in combating future infections because they induce the production of

Memory cells

To infect a cell, HIV must

Bind both CD4 and a cytokine co-receptor

HIV infection and the subsequent destruction of which cell type is most devastating to overall immune system function?

helper T cells

Antigens are

nonself proteins

Which of the following is true of both T cells and B cells?

all of these statements are true

The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) is NOT important in

identifying bacterial pathogens

_________ is a characteristic of the early stages of a local inflammation response.

release of histamines

The allergic response is primarily mediated by_________ antibodies.

IgE

In mammalian defenses against invading pathogens, all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms EXCEPT

acquired immunity

A doctor discovers that her patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens, but he is unable to protect himself against viral infections. The doctor suspects a disorder in her patient's

cytotoxic T cells

Which of the following is TRUE of both T cells and B cells?

all of the responses r correct

The clonal selection theory implies that

antigens activate specific lymphocytes

The protection provided through transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus is an example of

passive immunity

Which of the following statements about antibody-mediated immunity is CORRECT?

defends against parasites, bacteria, and viruses

Which type of phagocytic immune cell would you find in the nasal epithelium?

macrophage

All of the following are components of nonspecific immunity EXCEPT

B Cells

During the inflammatory response, dilation of blood vessels is caused by

both histamine and nitric oxide

Plasma cells

produce antibodies

Cytotoxic T cells destroy cancerous cells by

releasing vesicles containing perforin

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

HIV

Which of the following lifestyle changes would NOT boost the immune system?

reducing inflammation by using a cortisol supplement

Immunoglobulins inactivate microbes in all of the following ways EXCEPT via

perforating the microbial cell membrane

t/f - The first stage of a specific immune response is the activation of B cells and T cells.

false

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched for cells and the molecules they secrete?

neutrophils; heparin

Which cells in our body possess the MHC II protein?

macrophages

What would the result be if histamine and nitric oxide were NOT secreted during a puncture injury?

Healing would be slower

Strategies to fight HIV include

A  combination of all of the above.

Specific immunity in the extracellular fluid is provide by mainly

IgG and IgM

Antigen-presenting cells include

macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.

Humoral immunity is mostly the function of

B cells

Anti-inflammatory medication would suppress

all of these statements r correct

What will happen to a child that is fed formula instead of breast milk?

The child will receive less antibodies from the mother

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

pancreas

Most innate immune responses rely on

pathogens being engulfed and destroyed

t/f - During inflammation, blood vessels are constricted to prevent leakage.

false

t/f - IgA antibodies are involved in innate immunity.

false

t/f - PAMP is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

false

t/f - Most bacteria damage the body by infecting cells, multiplying within cells, and killing cells.

false

t/f - The probability of the immune system attacking a transplanted organ as opposed to transfused blood is higher.

true

Boiling water before drinking can prevent which types of pathogens from harming the body?

all of these answers r correct

What is part of the body's initial line of defense against pathogens?

mucous membranes

Phagocytosis is a process in which a cell

takes in foreign particles and destroys them