APUSH Period 6 Flashcards

Flashcards for vocabulary review of APUSH Period 6 lecture notes.

1865-1898 Periodization

Marks the end of the Civil War and the entrance into the Gilded Age. The end of Period 6 is the start of more government regulation/activism in society as a result of the Gilded Age.

Industrial Revolution

Technology, economic growth, poor working conditions, monopolies

Social Problems Caused by Industry

Lack of government regulation, gap between rich and poor, child and women labor, Social Darwinism

Gilded Age

Refers to metals, plays a big role in spurring the technological innovations that sped up manufacturing during this period and a metaphor for corruption. The economic growth of the period was astronomical, but deep down, it was the result of major corruption and the exploitation of children, women, and immigrants.

Monopolies

Big companies purposely outcompeted smaller ones, taking hold of all businesses

Social Darwinism

People at the bottom of the social structure are there because of their own shortcomings and poor choices.

Gospel of Wealth

The rich are at the top because of their hard work, but now it is their responsibility to help the poor succeed as well

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

Prevented the formation of monopolies

People’s Party (Populists)

Progressive ideas that combatted the negative aspects of economic growth. Advocated for shorter workdays, graduated income tax (higher tax for the rich, lower tax for the poor), etc.

Commercial Relations

US reaches out to Latin American countries gaining independence from their European controllers. They establish trade to better help these new nations set their feet on the ground, but also to boost American power in the West

Spanish American War

Done to end Spanish colonial rule in the West, but resulted from the explosion of an American ship near Cuba. America gained Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines

Hawaii

After reaching out to Hawaii, America purposely makes Hawaii dependent on American trade. After suddenly pulling out their economic ties, Hawaii is left weakened, and America takes over the islands. The are soon annexed in 1898.

Ford’s Assembly Line

Repetitive, unskilled work which promoted a loss of identity amongst its workers

Settlement Houses

Houses meant for immigrants that helped them with education and assimilation to society. Founded by Jane Addams

Farm consolidation

Large, aristocratic farm owners outcompeted other poor white farmers, taking over their lands (similar to monopoly in cities).

Crop-lien system

Poor whites and blacks had to sharecrop in a crop-lien system which essentially legalized slavery

Settlement Houses

houses meant for immigrants that helped them with education and assimilation to society. Founded by Jane Addams

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

Banned Chinese immigration into the US

Dawes Severalty Act

Land distribution to Native American families. Failed: Natives forced to sell their land to speculators due to their own poverty