Mangement Final Fall 2025

What is the anode stem

the rod that turns the anode target

What are the 2 interactions that produce x-rays

Bremsstrahlung and characteristic

What is the line focus principle

the relationship between the actual and effective focal spot

What happens to the effective focal spot when the angle is smaller 

effective spot is smaller 

What is the anode heel effect 

higher intensity infront of the target then between

What are the types of tube filtration

Inherent and added 

What is inherent filtration

filtration that is already within the machine (insulating oil)

What interaction is scatter a result of

compton

What is grid frequency

number of lead strips per unit length

What is grid ratio

ratio between height of the lead strips to the distance between them

What does grid ratios range from

4:1 to 16:1

What are the types of grid patterns

Linear

crossed 

What type of grid pattern is more popular 

linear because tube can not be angled with crossed

What are the types of grid focus

parallel

focused

What are the types of grid cutoff

Upside-down

off-center

off-level

off-focus

What is upside-down grid cutoff

When it is flipped upside down and the lead strips are going at the opposite angle 

focused grid

What is off-level grid cutoff

beam is angled across lead strips

most common type of cut-off

What is off-center grid cutoff

central ray is not aligned with the center of the focused grid

What is off-focus grid cutoff

When SID is out of the focal range

What is the 3 stages in digitizing a latent image

scanning

sampling

quantization 

Applying a knee LUT to a Chest image data set will do what

higher image contrast of the chest

if the S# is 765 what can be specked

image will look grainy

Why can the air gap technique be beneficial

it can act like a grid

What relationship is milliamperage and exposure time

directly

The CR latent image consists of:

electrons trapped in the phosphor layer 

Based on histogram analysis, consistent image brightness is accomplished through

automatic rescaling 

What is the Moire effect

Zebra patterned when CR image is scanned

What is shape distortion caused by

tube or part angulation 

If SOD increased what will happen to density 

decrease (more OID)